Replace time-based GC with allocation-count trigger, migrate all Create factories to GCList::Create(), fix VFSPath root path, reorder TObject variant

.gitea/workflows/tag.yaml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ on:
       - 'v*'
 
 env:
-  TF_VERSION: 0.0.6
+  TF_VERSION: 0.0.7
   PACKAGE_AND_BREW: ${{ secrets.PACKAGE_AND_BREW }} 
   VERSION: ${{ gitea.ref_name }}
   RESULT_IMAGE_NAME: tesses50/crosslang

changelog.md

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 0.0.10
+Replace time-based GC with allocation-count trigger, migrate all Create factories to GCList::Create(), fix VFSPath root path, reorder TObject variant
+
 ## 0.0.9
 Fixed Process.ShellFileOrUrl was broken New.ShellFileOrUrl
 

cmake/findtf.cmake

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ set(CROSSLANG_STATIC ${TESSESFRAMEWORK_STATIC} CACHE INTERNAL "For CrossLang" FO
 FetchContent_Declare(
     TessesFramework
     GIT_REPOSITORY https://git.tesses.org/tesses50/tessesframework.git
-    GIT_TAG bd0587779e68832cf382fe49b6b2e99474bcf81f
+    GIT_TAG 5b54af1728907559999e446e56497055297a3696
 )
 set(TESSESFRAMEWORK_ENABLE_EXAMPLES OFF)
 FetchContent_MakeAvailable(TessesFramework)

cmake/sources.cmake

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ src/types/class.cpp
 src/types/classenvironment.cpp
 src/types/random.cpp
 src/types/queryable.cpp
+src/types/exception.cpp
 src/vm/filereader.cpp
 src/vm/gc.cpp
 src/vm/gclist.cpp

cmake/version.cmake

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 set(CROSSLANG_MAJOR_VERSION 0)
 set(CROSSLANG_MINOR_VERSION 0)
-set(CROSSLANG_PATCH_VERSION 9)
+set(CROSSLANG_PATCH_VERSION 10)

include/CrossLang.hpp

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <time.h>
+#include <unordered_set>
 #include <variant>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
  *
  */
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+constexpr uint32_t ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 10000;
 using BitConverter = Tesses::Framework::Serialization::BitConverter;
 constexpr std::string_view VMName = "CrossLangVM";
 constexpr std::string_view VMHowToGet = "https://crosslang.tesseslanguage.com/";
@@ -794,14 +796,16 @@ class ResourceByteArray : public ResourceBase {
     GetLength(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFS> embedFS);
     void Write(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> output);
 };
-
 class CodeGen {
     uint32_t id;
     uint32_t NewId();
 
-    void GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &args, SyntaxNode n);
+    void GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &args,
+                         std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
+                         SyntaxNode n);
+    void FlattenCommas(std::vector<uint32_t> &args, SyntaxNode n);
     void GetFunctionName(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n);
-    void GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n);
+    void FlattenCommas(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n);
     SyntaxNode StringifyListOfVars(SyntaxNode n);
 
     uint32_t GetString(std::string str);
@@ -1347,8 +1351,10 @@ class THeapObject {
   public:
     bool marked;
     virtual void Mark() { marked = true; }
-
+    THeapObject() = default;
-    virtual ~THeapObject() {}
+    THeapObject(const THeapObject &) = delete;
+    THeapObject &operator=(const THeapObject &) = delete;
+    virtual ~THeapObject() = default;
 };
 
 class THeapObjectHolder {
@@ -1369,9 +1375,9 @@ class TContinue {};
  */
 
 using TObject =
-    std::variant<int64_t, double, char, bool, std::string, std::regex,
+    std::variant<Undefined, int64_t, double, char, bool, std::string,
-                 Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath, std::nullptr_t,
+                 std::regex, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath,
-                 Undefined, MethodInvoker, THeapObjectHolder, TVMVersion,
+                 std::nullptr_t, MethodInvoker, THeapObjectHolder, TVMVersion,
                  std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime>,
                  std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>, TBreak,
                  TContinue, std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>,
@@ -1387,50 +1393,72 @@ using TObject =
                  Tesses::Framework::Uuid>;
 
 class TRootEnvironment;
+class GCList;
 
 class GC : public std::enable_shared_from_this<GC> {
     Tesses::Framework::Threading::Thread *thrd;
-    Tesses::Framework::Threading::Mutex *mtx;
+    Tesses::Framework::Threading::Mutex mtx;
+    Tesses::Framework::Threading::Cond cond;
+    uint32_t allocs = 0;
     volatile std::atomic<bool> running;
-    std::vector<THeapObject *> roots;
+    std::unordered_set<GCList *> roots;
-    std::vector<THeapObject *> objects;
+    std::unordered_set<THeapObject *> objects;
 
     Tesses::Framework::Lazy<Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *> *tpool;
     std::vector<
         std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env)>>
         register_everything;
 
+    void SetRoot(GCList *obj);
+    void UnsetRoot(GCList *obj);
+
   public:
     Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *GetPool();
     bool UsingNullThreads();
     GC();
+    GC(const GC &) = delete;
+    GC &operator=(const GC &) = delete;
     void Start();
     bool IsRunning();
     void BarrierBegin();
     void BarrierEnd();
-    void Collect();
+    void Collect(std::vector<THeapObject *> &to_delete);
     void Watch(TObject obj);
     void Unwatch(TObject obj);
-    void SetRoot(TObject obj);
-    void UnsetRoot(TObject obj);
     static void Mark(TObject obj);
     void RegisterEverythingCallback(
         std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env)> cb);
     void RegisterEverything(TRootEnvironment *env);
     ~GC();
+
+    // uses thread_local or std::map
+    static void SetCurrentFunction(CallStackEntry *fn);
+    // uses thread local or std::map
+    static CallStackEntry *GetCurrentFunction();
+    friend class GCList;
 };
 
 std::string GetObjectTypeString(TObject obj);
 std::string ToString(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject obj);
 
-class GCList : public THeapObject {
+class GCList {
     std::vector<THeapObject *> items;
 
     std::shared_ptr<GC> gc;
 
   public:
     GCList(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> GetGC();
+    GCList(const GCList &) = delete;
+    GCList &operator=(const GCList &) = delete;
+    std::shared_ptr<GC> GetGC() const;
+
+    template <typename T, typename... TArgs> T *Create(TArgs &&...args) {
+        T *obj = new T(std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
+        Add(obj);
+        gc->Watch(obj);
+        return obj;
+    }
+
     void Add(TObject v);
     void Remove(TObject v);
     void Mark();
@@ -1443,7 +1471,9 @@ class TFile;
 
 class TFileChunk : public THeapObject {
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TFileChunk *Create(GCList *gc);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TFileChunk *Create(GCList &gc);
     TFile *file;
     std::vector<uint8_t> code;
@@ -1455,7 +1485,9 @@ class TFileChunk : public THeapObject {
 class TByteArray : public THeapObject {
   public:
     std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TByteArray *Create(GCList *gc);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TByteArray *Create(GCList &gc);
 };
 enum class TClassModifier { Private, Protected, Public, Static };
@@ -1488,7 +1520,9 @@ class TClassObjectEntry {
 class TDictionary;
 class TFile : public THeapObject {
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TFile *Create(GCList *gc);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TFile *Create(GCList &gc);
     std::vector<TFileChunk *> chunks;
 
@@ -1504,7 +1538,7 @@ class TFile : public THeapObject {
     std::string name;
     TVMVersion version;
     std::string info;
-    int32_t icon;
+    int32_t icon = -1;
 
     void Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
               std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> strm);
@@ -1528,7 +1562,9 @@ class TFile : public THeapObject {
 class TAssociativeArray : public THeapObject {
   public:
     std::vector<std::pair<TObject, TObject>> items;
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAssociativeArray *Create(GCList &ls);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAssociativeArray *Create(GCList *ls);
     void Set(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject key, TObject value);
     TObject Get(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject key);
@@ -1542,29 +1578,33 @@ class TAssociativeArray : public THeapObject {
 
 class TList : public THeapObject {
   public:
+    TList() = default;
+    template <typename Itterator>
+    TList(Itterator begin, Itterator end) : items(begin, end) {}
+    TList(std::initializer_list<TObject> il) : items(il) {}
+    TList(int64_t capacity) { items.reserve(capacity); }
     std::vector<TObject> items;
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList *gc);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList &gc);
     template <typename Itterator>
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList *gc, Itterator begin, Itterator end) {
-        auto list = Create(gc);
+        return gc->Create<TList>(begin, end);
-        gc->GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-        for (Itterator i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
-            TObject item = *i;
-            list->Add(item);
-        }
-        gc->GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
-        return list;
     }
     template <typename Itterator>
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList &gc, Itterator begin, Itterator end) {
-        return Create(&gc, begin, end);
+        return gc.Create<TList>(begin, end);
     }
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList *gc, std::initializer_list<TObject> il) {
-        return Create(gc, il.begin(), il.end());
+        return gc->Create<TList>(il);
     }
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TList *Create(GCList &gc, std::initializer_list<TObject> il) {
-        return Create(gc, il.begin(), il.end());
+        return gc.Create<TList>(il);
     }
     virtual int64_t Count();
     virtual TObject Get(int64_t index);
@@ -1578,30 +1618,37 @@ class TList : public THeapObject {
 using TDItem = std::pair<std::string, TObject>;
 class TDictionary : public THeapObject {
   public:
+    TDictionary() = default;
+    template <typename Itterator> TDictionary(Itterator begin, Itterator end) {
+        for (Itterator i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
+            TDItem &item = *i;
+            SetValue(item.first, item.second);
+        }
+    }
+    TDictionary(std::initializer_list<TDItem> il) {
+        for (auto &item : il) {
+            SetValue(item.first, item.second);
+        }
+    }
     std::map<std::string, TObject> items;
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList *gc);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList &gc);
     template <typename Itterator>
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList *gc, Itterator begin, Itterator end) {
-        auto dict = Create(gc);
+        return gc->Create<TDictionary>(begin, end);
-        gc->GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-        for (Itterator i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
-            TDItem item = *i;
-            dict->SetValue(item.first, item.second);
-        }
-        gc->GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
-        return dict;
     }
     template <typename Itterator>
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList &gc, Itterator begin, Itterator end) {
-        return Create(&gc, begin, end);
+        return gc.Create<TDictionary>(begin, end);
     }
 
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList *gc, std::initializer_list<TDItem> il) {
-        return Create(gc, il.begin(), il.end());
+        return gc->Create<TDictionary>(il);
     }
     static TDictionary *Create(GCList &gc, std::initializer_list<TDItem> il) {
-        return Create(gc, il.begin(), il.end());
+        return gc.Create<TDictionary>(il);
     }
 
     virtual bool HasValue(std::string key);
@@ -1641,9 +1688,11 @@ class TCallable : public THeapObject {
 void ThrowFatalError(std::exception &ex);
 
 void ThrowConstError(std::string key);
+enum class TEnvironmentDeclType { TEDT_VAR, TEDT_CONST };
 
 class TEnvironment : public THeapObject {
-    std::vector<std::string> consts;
+  protected:
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, TEnvironmentDeclType> decls;
 
   public:
     std::vector<TCallable *> defers;
@@ -1700,8 +1749,10 @@ class TClassObject : public THeapObject {
     std::vector<std::string> inherit_tree;
     std::vector<TClassObjectEntry> entries;
 
+    // This is the only place where the old way is
     static TClassObject *Create(GCList &ls, TFile *f, uint32_t classIndex,
                                 TEnvironment *env, std::vector<TObject> args);
+    // this too
     static TClassObject *Create(GCList *ls, TFile *f, uint32_t classIndex,
                                 TEnvironment *env, std::vector<TObject> args);
 
@@ -1720,8 +1771,10 @@ class TClassEnvironment : public TEnvironment {
     TClassObject *clsObj;
 
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TClassEnvironment *Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                      TClassObject *obj);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TClassEnvironment *Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                      TClassObject *obj);
     TClassEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TClassObject *obj);
@@ -1796,7 +1849,9 @@ class TRootEnvironment : public TEnvironment {
         Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath path);
 
     TDictionary *GetDictionary();
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TRootEnvironment *Create(GCList *gc, TDictionary *dict);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TRootEnvironment *Create(GCList &gc, TDictionary *dict);
     TRootEnvironment(TDictionary *dict);
     bool HasVariable(std::string key);
@@ -1856,8 +1911,10 @@ class TSubEnvironment : public TEnvironment {
     TDictionary *dict;
 
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TSubEnvironment *Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                    TDictionary *dict);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TSubEnvironment *Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                    TDictionary *dict);
     TSubEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TDictionary *dict);
@@ -1883,7 +1940,10 @@ TDictionary *CreateThread(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable, bool detached);
 class TArgWrapper : public TCallable {
   public:
     TCallable *callable;
+    TArgWrapper(TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TArgWrapper *Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TArgWrapper *Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable);
     TObject Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args);
     void Mark();
@@ -1897,24 +1957,28 @@ class TExternalMethod : public TCallable {
     std::vector<std::string> args;
     std::vector<TObject> watch;
     TExternalMethod(
-        std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
         std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
-        std::function<void()> destroy);
+        std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
+        std::function<void()> destroy = nullptr);
+
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TExternalMethod *
     Create(GCList &ls, std::string documentation,
            std::vector<std::string> argNames,
            std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
            std::function<void()> destroy);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TExternalMethod *
     Create(GCList *ls, std::string documentation,
            std::vector<std::string> argNames,
            std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
            std::function<void()> destroy);
-
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TExternalMethod *
     Create(GCList &ls, std::string documentation,
            std::vector<std::string> argNames,
            std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TExternalMethod *
     Create(GCList *ls, std::string documentation,
            std::vector<std::string> argNames,
@@ -1943,8 +2007,11 @@ class TAssociativeArrayEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     TAssociativeArray *ls;
 
   public:
+    TAssociativeArrayEnumerator(TAssociativeArray *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls,
                                                TAssociativeArray *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls,
                                                TAssociativeArray *list);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
@@ -1955,10 +2022,13 @@ class TAssociativeArrayEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
 class TCustomEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
   public:
     TDictionary *dict;
+    TCustomEnumerator(TDictionary *dict);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
     void Mark();
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TCustomEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, TDictionary *dict);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TCustomEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, TDictionary *dict);
 };
 
@@ -1968,10 +2038,13 @@ class TYieldEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     TObject current;
 
   public:
+    TYieldEnumerator(TObject v);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
     void Mark();
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TYieldEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, TObject v);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TYieldEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, TObject v);
 };
 
@@ -1981,7 +2054,10 @@ class TStringEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     std::string str;
 
   public:
+    TStringEnumerator(std::string str);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TStringEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, std::string str);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TStringEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, std::string str);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
@@ -1992,7 +2068,10 @@ class TListEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     TList *ls;
 
   public:
+    TListEnumerator(TList *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TListEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, TList *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TListEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, TList *list);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
@@ -2005,7 +2084,10 @@ class TDynamicListEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     TDynamicList *ls;
 
   public:
+    TDynamicListEnumerator(TDynamicList *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicListEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, TDynamicList *list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicListEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, TDynamicList *list);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
@@ -2015,8 +2097,11 @@ class TVFSPathEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator;
 
   public:
+    TVFSPathEnumerator(Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TVFSPathEnumerator *
     Create(GCList &ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator list);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TVFSPathEnumerator *
     Create(GCList *ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator list);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
@@ -2105,7 +2190,10 @@ class TDictionaryEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
     TDictionary *dict;
 
   public:
+    TDictionaryEnumerator(TDictionary *dict);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDictionaryEnumerator *Create(GCList &ls, TDictionary *dict);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDictionaryEnumerator *Create(GCList *ls, TDictionary *dict);
     bool MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls);
     TObject GetCurrent(GCList &ls);
@@ -2114,8 +2202,12 @@ class TDictionaryEnumerator : public TEnumerator {
 
 class TClosure : public TCallable {
   public:
+    TClosure(TEnvironment *env, TFile *file, uint32_t chunkId,
+             bool ownScope = true);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TClosure *Create(GCList &ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
                             uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope = true);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TClosure *Create(GCList *ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
                             uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope = true);
     bool ownScope;
@@ -2130,7 +2222,10 @@ class TClosure : public TCallable {
 class TDynamicList : public THeapObject {
   public:
     TCallable *cb;
+    TDynamicList(TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicList *Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicList *Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable);
 
     void Mark();
@@ -2154,8 +2249,10 @@ class TDynamicList : public THeapObject {
 class TDynamicDictionary : public THeapObject {
   public:
     TCallable *cb;
-
+    TDynamicDictionary(TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicDictionary *Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TDynamicDictionary *Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable);
 
     void Mark();
@@ -2176,17 +2273,19 @@ class InterperterThread;
 
 class CallStackEntry : public THeapObject {
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static CallStackEntry *Create(GCList *ls);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static CallStackEntry *Create(GCList &ls);
-    InterperterThread *thread;
+    InterperterThread *thread = nullptr;
     std::vector<TObject> stack;
-    TEnvironment *env;
+    TEnvironment *env = nullptr;
-    TClosure *callable;
+    TClosure *callable = nullptr;
     uint32_t ip;
     uint32_t scopes;
-    int64_t srcline;
+    int64_t srcline = -1;
-    std::string srcfile;
+    std::string srcfile = "";
-    bool mustReturn;
+    bool mustReturn = false;
 
     void Mark();
     void Push(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject v);
@@ -2203,6 +2302,7 @@ class TTask : public THeapObject {
     TTask(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc);
 
   public:
+    // this still is needed
     static TTask *Create(GCList &ls);
     bool IsCompleted();
 
@@ -2223,7 +2323,6 @@ class TTask : public THeapObject {
 
     static TTask *FromResult(GCList &ls, TObject v);
 };
-extern thread_local CallStackEntry *current_function;
 
 class InterperterThread : public THeapObject {
   private:
@@ -2309,7 +2408,9 @@ class InterperterThread : public THeapObject {
     bool PushPrivateExpression(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc);
 
   public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static InterperterThread *Create(GCList *ls);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static InterperterThread *Create(GCList &ls);
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> call_stack_entries;
     virtual void Execute(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc);
@@ -2328,34 +2429,31 @@ class VMException : public std::exception {
         error_message.append(ex);
     }
 
+    const std::string &GetMessage() { return error_message; }
+
     const char *what() const noexcept override { return error_message.c_str(); }
 };
 class TAny : public THeapObject {
   public:
     std::any any;
     TObject other;
-
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAny *Create(GCList &ls);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TAny *Create(GCList *ls);
     void Mark();
 };
 class TNativeObject : public THeapObject {
   public:
     template <typename T, typename... TArgs>
-    static T *Create(GCList &ls, TArgs... args) {
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
-        T *obj = new T(args...);
+    static T *Create(GCList &ls, TArgs &&...args) {
-        std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
+        return ls.Create<T>(std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
-        ls.Add(obj);
-        gc->Watch(obj);
-        return obj;
     }
     template <typename T, typename... TArgs>
-    static T *Create(GCList *ls, TArgs... args) {
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
-        T *obj = new T(args...);
+    static T *Create(GCList *ls, TArgs &&...args) {
-        std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
+        return ls->Create<T>(std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
-        ls->Add(obj);
-        gc->Watch(obj);
-        return obj;
     }
 
     virtual TObject CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string name,
@@ -2363,7 +2461,6 @@ class TNativeObject : public THeapObject {
     virtual std::string TypeName() = 0;
     virtual bool ToBool();
     virtual bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject right);
-    virtual ~TNativeObject();
 };
 class TRandom : public TNativeObject {
   public:
@@ -2380,13 +2477,15 @@ class TNative : public THeapObject {
 
   public:
     TObject other;
-    TNative(void *ptr, std::function<void(void *)> destroy);
+    TNative(void *ptr, std::function<void(void *)> destroy = nullptr);
     bool GetDestroyed();
     void *GetPointer();
     void Destroy();
     void Mark();
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TNative *Create(GCList &ls, void *ptr,
                            std::function<void(void *)> destroy);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TNative *Create(GCList *ls, void *ptr,
                            std::function<void(void *)> destroy);
     ~TNative();
@@ -2525,9 +2624,9 @@ typedef void (*PluginFunction)(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env);
 void LoadPlugin(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env,
                 Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath sharedObjectPath);
 std::string Json_Encode(TObject o, bool indent = false);
-TObject Json_Decode(GCList ls, std::string str);
+TObject Json_Decode(GCList &ls, std::string str);
 std::string Json_DocEncode(TObject o, bool indent);
-TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList ls, std::string str);
+TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList &ls, std::string str);
 // DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
 class SharedPtrTObject {
     GCList *ls;
@@ -2586,6 +2685,44 @@ class EmbedDirectory : public Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFS {
               Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::StatData &data);
 };
 
+class TNativeException : public TNativeObject {
+    std::string what;
+    std::exception_ptr ptr;
+
+  public:
+    TNativeException() = delete;
+    TNativeException(const char *what, std::exception_ptr ptr);
+    TObject CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key, std::vector<TObject> args);
+    std::string TypeName();
+    std::string What();
+    std::exception_ptr GetPointer();
+    void ThrowIt();
+};
+
+class TException : public TNativeObject {
+  private:
+    TDictionary *extraFields;
+    TObject innerException;
+
+    std::string message;
+    std::string type;
+    std::optional<std::string> filename;
+    std::optional<uint32_t> line;
+    std::optional<uint32_t> column;
+    std::optional<uint32_t> offset;
+
+  public:
+    TException() = delete;
+    TException(std::string message, std::string type = "Exception",
+               TDictionary *extraFields = nullptr,
+               TObject innerException = Undefined());
+    TObject CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key, std::vector<TObject> args);
+    std::string TypeName();
+    bool ToBool();
+    void Mark();
+    ~TException() = default;
+};
+
 namespace Programs {
 int64_t CrossArchiveCreate(std::vector<std::string> &argv);
 int64_t CrossArchiveExtract(std::vector<std::string> &argv);
@@ -2615,11 +2752,14 @@ class TQueryable : public THeapObject {
     TObject parent;
     TQueryableMode mode;
     std::vector<TObject> args;
+
+  public:
     TQueryable(TObject parent);
     TQueryable(TObject parent, TQueryableMode mode, std::vector<TObject> args);
 
-  public:
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TQueryable *Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent);
+    [[deprecated("Use GCList::Create<T>() instead")]]
     static TQueryable *Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent, TQueryableMode mode,
                               std::vector<TObject> args);
 

src/archive.cpp

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void CrossArchiveCreate(
     strs.push_back("Console");
     strs.push_back("WriteLine");
     strs.push_back("You are trying to run a crvm archive, stop it you won't "
-                   "get anywhere!\nUse crossarchiveextract instead.");
+                   "get anywhere!\nUse crosslang archiveextract instead.");
 
     std::vector<std::string> resources;
 

src/compiler/codegen.cpp

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ void CodeGen::WriteMetadataObject(std::vector<uint8_t> &bytes, SyntaxNode n) {
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (asn.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
             bytes.push_back(7);
             size_t offset = bytes.size();
             bytes.resize(offset + 4);
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ void CodeGen::WriteMetadataObject(std::vector<uint8_t> &bytes, SyntaxNode n) {
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (asn.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
             bytes.push_back(8);
             size_t offset = bytes.size();
             bytes.resize(offset + 4);
@@ -827,6 +827,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
                         ent.closure = (uint32_t)fnindex;
                         this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+
+                        std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
                         auto &nameAndArgs =
                             std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(adv2.nodes[2]);
                         if (nameAndArgs.nodeName == FunctionCallExpression &&
@@ -844,14 +846,13 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                                     std::get<std::string>(getvar.nodes[0]));
                                 if (nameAndArgs.nodes.size() > 1) {
                                     GetFunctionArgs(ent.arguments,
+                                                    fnInstructions,
                                                     nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
                                 }
                             } else
                                 continue;
                         }
 
-                        std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
-
                         GenNode(fnInstructions, adv2.nodes[3], 0, -1, -1, -1,
                                 -1);
 
@@ -881,8 +882,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                                 ent.name = GetString(
                                     std::get<std::string>(getvar.nodes[0]));
                                 if (nameAndArgs.nodes.size() > 1) {
-                                    GetFunctionArgs(ent.arguments,
+                                    FlattenCommas(ent.arguments,
-                                                    nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
+                                                  nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
                                 }
                             } else
                                 continue;
@@ -1041,13 +1042,13 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         }
                         if (item.first.second.nodeName == DefaultStatement) {
                             if (!defaultJmp.empty())
-                                std::cout << "ERROR: multiple default in "
+                                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
-                                             "switch statement will cause "
+                                    "ERROR: multiple default in "
-                                             "undefined behaviour, this is not "
+                                    "switch statement will cause "
-                                             "an exception due to not allowing "
+                                    "undefined behaviour, this is not "
-                                             "exceptions in codegen stage (the "
+                                    "an exception due to not allowing "
-                                             "compilation shouldn't fail)"
+                                    "exceptions in codegen stage (the "
-                                          << std::endl;
+                                    "compilation shouldn't fail)");
                             defaultJmp = item.first.first;
                         }
                     }
@@ -1223,7 +1224,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (adv.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
             for (auto item : itms) {
                 GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope, contI,
                         brkI);
@@ -1233,7 +1234,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(CREATEDICTIONARY));
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (adv.nodes.size() > 0)
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
             for (auto item : itms) {
                 if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(item)) {
                     auto tkn = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(item);
@@ -1273,7 +1274,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         contI, brkI);
                 if (adv.nodes.size() == 2) {
                     std::vector<SyntaxNode> nodes;
-                    GetFunctionArgs(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
+                    FlattenCommas(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
                     for (auto item : nodes)
                         GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope,
                                 contI, brkI);
@@ -1288,7 +1289,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         contI, brkI);
                 if (adv.nodes.size() == 2) {
                     std::vector<SyntaxNode> nodes;
-                    GetFunctionArgs(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
+                    FlattenCommas(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
                     for (auto item : nodes)
                         GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope,
                                 contI, brkI);
@@ -1555,7 +1556,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
 
         } else if (adv.nodeName == ContinueStatement) {
             if (contscope == -1) {
-                std::cout << "WARN: continue does nothing here\n";
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: continue does nothing here");
             } else if (contscope == -2) {
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(PUSHCONTINUE));
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(RET));
@@ -1572,7 +1574,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             }
         } else if (adv.nodeName == BreakStatement) {
             if (brkscope == -1) {
-                std::cout << "WARN: break does nothing here\n";
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: break does nothing here");
             } else if (brkscope == -2) {
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(PUSHBREAK));
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(RET));
@@ -1978,7 +1981,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             //(a,b) => {}
             // it has two args
             std::vector<uint32_t> args;
-            GetFunctionArgs(args, adv.nodes[0]);
+            FlattenCommas(args, adv.nodes[0]);
 
             std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
             size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
@@ -2008,12 +2011,11 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             // Name => {}
             //(a,b) => {}
             // it has two args
-            std::vector<uint32_t> args;
-            GetFunctionArgs(args, adv.nodes[0]);
-
             std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
             size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
             this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+            std::vector<uint32_t> args;
+            GetFunctionArgs(args, fnInstructions, adv.nodes[0]);
 
             auto body = adv.nodes[1];
 
@@ -2060,18 +2062,20 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
         }
     }
 }
-void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n) {
+void CodeGen::FlattenCommas(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n) {
     AdvancedSyntaxNode sn;
     if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n) &&
         (sn = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n)).nodeName == CommaExpression &&
         sn.nodes.size() == 2) {
-        GetFunctionArgs(args, sn.nodes[0]);
+        FlattenCommas(args, sn.nodes[0]);
-        GetFunctionArgs(args, sn.nodes[1]);
+        FlattenCommas(args, sn.nodes[1]);
     } else {
         args.push_back(n);
     }
 }
-void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
+void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name,
+                              std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instrs,
+                              SyntaxNode n) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(n))
         return;
 
@@ -2079,10 +2083,90 @@ void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
         auto res = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n);
         if (res.nodeName == ParenthesesExpression) {
             for (auto n : res.nodes)
-                GetFunctionArgs(name, n);
+                GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, n);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == AssignExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
+            // ennsure the left argument is a getVariableExpression
+            if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(res.nodes[0])) {
+                auto left = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(res.nodes[0]);
+
+                if (left.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
+                    !left.nodes.empty() &&
+                    std::holds_alternative<std::string>(left.nodes[0])) {
+                    std::string key = std::get<std::string>(left.nodes[0]);
+                    if (key.size() >= 2 && key[0] == '$' && key[1] == '$') {
+                        Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                            "WARN: you can't assign variadic functions to a "
+                            "default value, this will be an "
+                            "error on future release.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (key.size() > 0 && key[0] == '$') {
+                        key.erase(key.cbegin());
+                    }
+
+                    name.push_back(GetString('$' + key));
+
+                    uint32_t ifId = NewId();
+                    std::string compGenSetVar = "__compGenSetVar";
+                    compGenSetVar.append(std::to_string(ifId));
+
+                    std::string compGenSetVarEnd = "__compGenSetVarEnd";
+                    compGenSetVarEnd.append(std::to_string(ifId));
+                    GenNode(instrs,
+                            AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(GetVariableExpression,
+                                                       true, {key}),
+                            0, -1, -1, -1, -1);
+                    instrs.push_back(new JumpStyleInstruction(
+                        Tesses::CrossLang::Instruction::JMPUNDEFINED,
+                        compGenSetVar));
+                    instrs.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(POP));
+                    instrs.push_back(new JumpStyleInstruction(
+                        Tesses::CrossLang::Instruction::JMP, compGenSetVarEnd));
+                    instrs.push_back(new LabelInstruction(compGenSetVar));
+                    GenNode(instrs,
+                            AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(
+                                AssignExpression, true,
+                                {AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(DeclareExpression,
+                                                            true, {key}),
+                                 res.nodes[1]}),
+
+                            0, -1, -1, -1, -1);
+                    instrs.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(POP));
+                    instrs.push_back(new LabelInstruction(compGenSetVarEnd));
+                } else {
+                    Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                        "WARN: assignment does not assign arg, this will be an "
+                        "error on future release.");
+                }
+            } else {
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: assignment does not assign arg, this will be an "
+                    "error on future release.");
+            }
         } else if (res.nodeName == CommaExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
-            GetFunctionArgs(name, res.nodes[0]);
+            GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, res.nodes[0]);
-            GetFunctionArgs(name, res.nodes[1]);
+            GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, res.nodes[1]);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
+                   res.nodes.size() == 1) {
+            if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(res.nodes[0])) {
+                name.push_back(GetString(std::get<std::string>(res.nodes[0])));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+void CodeGen::FlattenCommas(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(n))
+        return;
+
+    if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n)) {
+        auto res = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n);
+        if (res.nodeName == ParenthesesExpression) {
+            for (auto n : res.nodes)
+                FlattenCommas(name, n);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == CommaExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
+            FlattenCommas(name, res.nodes[0]);
+            FlattenCommas(name, res.nodes[1]);
         } else if (res.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
                    res.nodes.size() == 1) {
             if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(res.nodes[0])) {
@@ -2175,14 +2259,14 @@ void CodeGen::GenRoot(SyntaxNode n) {
                                         functionName.insert(
                                             functionName.begin(),
                                             {GetString(documentation)});
-                                        if (fcalli.nodes.size() == 2)
-                                            GetFunctionArgs(args,
-                                                            fcalli.nodes[1]);
-
                                         std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *>
                                             fnInstructions;
                                         size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
                                         this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+                                        if (fcalli.nodes.size() == 2)
+                                            GetFunctionArgs(args,
+                                                            fnInstructions,
+                                                            fcalli.nodes[1]);
 
                                         GenNode(fnInstructions, res2.nodes[1],
                                                 0, -1, -1, -1, -1);

src/compiler/lexer.cpp

@@ -482,6 +482,7 @@ int Lex(std::string filename, std::istream &strm,
             }
             break;
         case '<':
+        case '>':
         case '?':
             if (peek == read) {
                 Flush();
@@ -532,7 +533,6 @@ int Lex(std::string filename, std::istream &strm,
         case '^':
         case '~':
         case '!':
-        case '>':
         case '*':
         case '%':
             //*

src/compiler/parser.cpp

@@ -115,58 +115,16 @@ bool Parser::IsIdentifier(std::string txt, bool pop) {
     }
     return false;
 }
-
 bool Parser::IsAnySymbol(std::initializer_list<std::string> idents, bool pop) {
-
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol)
             return false;
         for (auto item : idents) {
-            if (item == ">") {
+            if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
+                tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" ||
+                if (pop)
-                         tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
+                    i++;
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
+                return true;
-                        continue;
-                }
-                if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if (pop)
-                        i++;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            } else if (item == ">>=") {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                    if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                        tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                        tkn = tokens[i];
-                        tkn.text = ">>=";
-                        if (pop)
-                            i += 2;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else if (item == ">>") {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                    if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                        tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                        tkn = tokens[i];
-                        tkn.text = ">>";
-                        if (pop)
-                            i += 2;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                }
-
-            } else {
-                if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if (pop)
-                        i++;
-                    return true;
-                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -176,45 +134,7 @@ bool Parser::IsSymbol(std::string txt, bool pop) {
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol)
             return false;
-        if (txt == ">") {
+        if (tokens[i].text == txt) {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" || tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
-                    return false;
-            }
-            if (txt == tokens[i].text) {
-                tkn = tokens[i];
-                if (pop)
-                    i++;
-                return true;
-            }
-        } else if (txt == ">>=") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    tkn.text = ">>=";
-                    if (pop)
-                        i += 2;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        } else if (txt == ">>") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    tkn.text = ">>";
-                    if (pop)
-                        i += 2;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-
-        } else if (tokens[i].text == txt) {
             tkn = tokens[i];
             if (pop)
                 i++;
@@ -233,7 +153,6 @@ static std::string EnsureSafeVariable(LexToken token) {
 }
 void Parser::EnsureSymbol(std::string txt) {
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
-
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol) {
             throw SyntaxException(
                 tokens[i].lineInfo,
@@ -241,69 +160,7 @@ void Parser::EnsureSymbol(std::string txt) {
                     LexTokenType_ToString(tokens[i].type) + " \"" +
                     tokens[i].text + "\" which is not a symbol at all.");
         }
-        if (txt == ">") {
+        if (tokens[i].text != txt) {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" || tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
-                    throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                          "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                              "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                              tokens[i].text +
-                                              tokens[i + 1].text + "\"");
-                ;
-            }
-            if (txt == tokens[i].text) {
-
-                tkn = tokens[i];
-                i++;
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        if (txt == ">>=") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    i += 2;
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                      "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                          "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                          tokens[i].text + tokens[i + 1].text +
-                                          "\"");
-            }
-
-            throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                  "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                      "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                      tokens[i].text + "\"");
-        } else if (txt == ">>") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    i += 2;
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                      "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                          "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                          tokens[i].text + tokens[i + 1].text +
-                                          "\"");
-            }
-
-            throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                  "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                      "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                      tokens[i].text + "\"");
-        } else if (tokens[i].text != txt) {
 
             throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
                                   "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
@@ -633,6 +490,11 @@ void Parser::ParseHtml(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &nodes, std::string var) {
                 EnsureSymbol(")");
                 EnsureSymbol(">");
 
+                if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(item))
+                    item = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(
+                        DeclareExpression, true,
+                        {"item"});
+
                 std::vector<SyntaxNode> _nodes;
                 parseFn(_nodes, "each");
                 body = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(ScopeNode, false, _nodes);
@@ -1411,7 +1273,7 @@ SyntaxNode Parser::ParseNode(bool isRoot) {
         }
 
         if (!isRoot)
-            i++;
+            EnsureSymbol("}");
         return aSN;
     }
 
@@ -1519,8 +1381,7 @@ SyntaxNode Parser::ParseNode(bool isRoot) {
         if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(item))
             item = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(
                 DeclareExpression, true,
-                {AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(GetVariableExpression, true,
+                {"item"});
-                                            {"item"})});
 
         return AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(EachStatement, false,
                                           {item, list, body});

src/program_lib/crossarchivecreate.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static void Help(std::string &filename) {
     printf("  -n:  Set name (MyAppOrLibName defaults to out)\n");
     printf("  -h, --help:  Prints help\n");
     printf("Options except for help have flag with arg like this: -F ARG\n");
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 
 int64_t CrossArchiveCreate(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ int64_t CrossArchiveCreate(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                     printf("Expected "
                            "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-prod]"
                            "]]]\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else {

src/program_lib/crosslangcompiler.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static void Help(std::string filename) {
            "for sane with file access to current directory and sub "
            "directories, \"full\" has full runtime.\n");
     printf("Options except for help have flag with arg like this: -F ARG\n");
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
     /*std::ifstream strm(argv[1],std::ios_base::in|std::ios_base::binary);
@@ -107,14 +107,14 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                         printf("Expected "
                                "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-"
                                "prod]]]]\n");
-                        exit(1);
+                        std::exit(1);
                     }
                     dependencies.push_back(
                         std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(str1, v2));
 
                 } else {
                     printf("ERROR: Dependency must have version\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-t") {
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                         printf("Expected "
                                "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-"
                                "prod]]]]\n");
-                        exit(1);
+                        std::exit(1);
                     }
                     tools.push_back(
                         std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(str1, v2));
 
                 } else {
                     printf("ERROR: Tool must have version\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-n") {
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                     printf("Expected "
                            "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-prod]"
                            "]]]\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-D" || argv[i] == "--debug") {

src/runtime_methods/console.cpp

@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ TObject Console_Write(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 TObject Console_Fatal(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (args.size() < 1) {
         Tesses::Framework::Console::ErrorLine("FATAL: <NO MESSAGE>");
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     Tesses::Framework::Console::ErrorLine("FATAL: " +
                                           ToString(ls.GetGC(), args[0]));
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 TObject Console_WriteLine(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 

src/runtime_methods/json.cpp

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ static TObject JsonDocDecode(GCList &ls2, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 std::string Json_Encode(TObject o, bool indent) {
     return Json::Encode(JsonSerialize(o), indent);
 }
-TObject Json_Decode(GCList ls, std::string str) {
+TObject Json_Decode(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
     return JsonDeserialize(ls, Json::Decode(str));
 }
 std::string Json_DocEncode(TObject o, bool indent) {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ std::string Json_DocEncode(TObject o, bool indent) {
         return Json::DocEncode(ls, indent);
     return "";
 }
-TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList ls, std::string str) {
+TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
     return JsonDeserialize(ls, Json::DocDecode(str));
 }
 void TStd::RegisterJson(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {

src/runtime_methods/net.cpp

@@ -150,6 +150,46 @@ class THttpDictionary : public TNativeObject {
                     value);
             }
             return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOne") {
+            std::string key;
+            std::string value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) && dict->TryGetOnlyOne(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneBoolean") {
+            std::string key;
+            bool value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneBoolean(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneDouble") {
+            std::string key;
+            double value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneDouble(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneInt") {
+            std::string key;
+            int64_t value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneInt(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneDate") {
+            std::string key;
+            Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneDate(key, value)) {
+                return std::make_shared<Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime>(
+                    value);
+            }
+            return nullptr;
         } else if (key == "ToList") {
             TList *_ls = TList::Create(ls);
             for (auto item : dict->kvp) {
@@ -239,6 +279,9 @@ class TServerContext : public TNativeObjectThatReturnsHttpDictionary {
         else if (key == "getQueryParams")
             return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(ls, &ctx->queryParams,
                                                           this);
+        else if (key == "getBodyParams")
+            return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(ls, &ctx->bodyParams,
+                                                          this);
         else if (key == "getRequestHeaders")
             return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(
                 ls, &ctx->requestHeaders, this);
@@ -781,17 +824,19 @@ static TObject Net_Http_MimeType(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath p;
     if (GetArgumentAsPath(args, 0, p)) {
         std::filesystem::path p2 = p.GetFileName();
-        return HttpUtils::MimeType(p2);
+        return HttpUtils::GetMimeType(p2);
     }
     return std::string("application/octet-stream");
 }
 class THttpRequestBody : public TNativeObject {
-    HttpRequestBody *body;
+    std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> body;
 
   public:
-    THttpRequestBody(HttpRequestBody *body) { this->body = body; }
+    THttpRequestBody(std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> body) {
+        this->body = body;
+    }
     bool IsClosed() { return body == nullptr; }
-    HttpRequestBody *GetBody() { return this->body; }
+    std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> GetBody() { return this->body; }
 
     std::string TypeName() { return "Net.Http.HttpRequestBody"; }
 
@@ -799,10 +844,7 @@ class THttpRequestBody : public TNativeObject {
         return Undefined();
     }
 
-    void Close() {
+    void Close() { this->body = nullptr; }
-        delete this->body;
-        this->body = nullptr;
-    }
 };
 
 class THttpResponse : public TNativeObjectThatReturnsHttpDictionary {
@@ -907,7 +949,8 @@ static TObject Net_Http_MakeRequest(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
             _obj = options->GetValue("Body");
 
             if (GetObjectHeap(_obj, body1)) {
-                req.body = new TDictionaryHttpRequestBody(gc, body1);
+                req.body =
+                    std::make_shared<TDictionaryHttpRequestBody>(gc, body1);
             } else if (GetObjectHeap(_obj, body2) && !body2->IsClosed()) {
                 req.body = body2->GetBody();
             }
@@ -920,8 +963,6 @@ static TObject Net_Http_MakeRequest(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
         if (req.body != nullptr) {
             if (body2 != nullptr) {
                 body2->Close();
-            } else if (body1 != nullptr) {
-                delete req.body;
             }
         }
 
@@ -1073,7 +1114,7 @@ static TObject Net_Http_WebSocketClient(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, url) && GetArgumentHeap(args, 1, headers) &&
         GetArgumentHeap(args, 2, dict)) {
         GetArgumentHeap(args, 3, callable);
-        HttpDictionary hdict;
+        HttpDictionary hdict(false);
         for (int64_t index = 0; index < headers->Count(); index++) {
             _obj = headers->Get(index);
             TDictionary *dict;
@@ -1171,7 +1212,7 @@ static TObject Net_Http_WebSocketClient(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
         if (!GetObjectHeap(hobj, headers))
             return Undefined();
 
-        HttpDictionary hdict;
+        HttpDictionary hdict(false);
         for (int64_t index = 0; index < headers->Count(); index++) {
             _obj = headers->Get(index);
             TDictionary *dict;
@@ -1381,7 +1422,7 @@ static TObject New_StreamHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls,
 
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, strm) && GetArgument(args, 1, mimeType)) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls, new StreamHttpRequestBody(strm, mimeType));
+            ls, std::make_shared<StreamHttpRequestBody>(strm, mimeType));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1390,7 +1431,7 @@ static TObject New_TextHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     std::string mimeType;
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, text) && GetArgument(args, 1, mimeType)) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls, new TextHttpRequestBody(text, mimeType));
+            ls, std::make_shared<TextHttpRequestBody>(text, mimeType));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1398,8 +1439,8 @@ static TObject New_JsonHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 
     if (!args.empty()) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls,
+            ls, std::make_shared<TextHttpRequestBody>(Json_Encode(args[0]),
-            new TextHttpRequestBody(Json_Encode(args[0]), "application/json"));
+                                                      "application/json"));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1423,7 +1464,7 @@ void TStd::RegisterNet(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
                           "Create a text request body", {"text", "mimeType"},
                           New_TextHttpRequestBody);
     _new->DeclareFunction(gc, "JsonHttpRequestBody",
-                          "Create a text request body", {"json"},
+                          "Create a json request body", {"json"},
                           New_JsonHttpRequestBody);
     _new->DeclareFunction(
         gc, "HttpServer", "Create a http server (allows multiple)",

src/runtime_methods/process.cpp

@@ -3,10 +3,6 @@
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 class ProcessObject : public TNativeObject {
   public:
-    ProcessObject() {
-        arguments = nullptr;
-        environment = nullptr;
-    }
     ProcessObject(GCList &ls) {
         arguments = TList::Create(ls);
         environment = TList::Create(ls);
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ static TObject Process_Start(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
     TDictionary *dict;
 
     if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, dict)) {
-        auto process = TNativeObject::Create<ProcessObject>(ls);
+        auto process = TNativeObject::Create<ProcessObject>(ls, ls);
         auto name = dict->GetValue("FileName");
         auto inh = dict->GetValue("InheritParentEnvironment");
         auto rStdIn = dict->GetValue("RedirectStandardInput");

src/runtime_methods/std.cpp

@@ -1613,7 +1613,13 @@ void TStd::RegisterStd(
     gc_dict->DeclareFunction(
         gc, "Collect", "Collect garbage", {},
         [](GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) -> TObject {
-            ls.GetGC()->Collect();
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
+            ls.GetGC()->Collect(to_delete);
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
+
+            for (auto item : to_delete)
+                delete item;
             return nullptr;
         });
     gc_dict->DeclareFunction(

src/runtime_methods/vm.cpp

@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ static TObject VM_SourceToAst(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 static TObject VM_Eval(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     std::string str;
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, str)) {
+
+        auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
         if (current_function != nullptr) {
             return current_function->env->Eval(ls, str);
         }
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ static TObject Success(GCList &ls) {
 }
 static TObject VM_getCurrentEnvironment(GCList &ls2,
                                         std::vector<TObject> args) {
+
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (current_function != nullptr)
         return current_function->env;
     return Undefined();
@@ -261,6 +265,7 @@ static TObject VM_Compile(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     }
 }
 static TObject VM_GetStacktrace(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (current_function != nullptr) {
         if (current_function->thread != nullptr) {
             TList *list = TList::Create(ls);

src/types/any.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,8 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
-TAny *TAny::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TAny *TAny::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TAny>(); }
-    TAny *anyObj = new TAny();
+TAny *TAny::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TAny>(); }
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(anyObj);
-    gc->Watch(anyObj);
-    return anyObj;
-}
-TAny *TAny::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TAny *anyObj = new TAny();
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(anyObj);
-    gc->Watch(anyObj);
-    return anyObj;
-}
 void TAny::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;

src/types/associativearray.cpp

@@ -3,18 +3,10 @@
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
 TAssociativeArray *TAssociativeArray::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    TAssociativeArray *list = new TAssociativeArray();
+    return ls.Create<TAssociativeArray>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 TAssociativeArray *TAssociativeArray::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TAssociativeArray *list = new TAssociativeArray();
+    return ls->Create<TAssociativeArray>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 void TAssociativeArray::Set(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject key,
                             TObject value) {

src/types/classenvironment.cpp

@@ -9,22 +9,12 @@ bool TClassEnvironment::HasConstForSet(std::string key) {
 TClassEnvironment *TClassEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                              TClassObject *obj) {
 
-    TClassEnvironment *env2 = new TClassEnvironment(env, obj);
+    return gc->Create<TClassEnvironment>(env, obj);
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(env2);
-    _gc->Watch(env2);
-    return env2;
 }
 TClassEnvironment *TClassEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                              TClassObject *obj) {
 
-    TClassEnvironment *env2 = new TClassEnvironment(env, obj);
+    return gc.Create<TClassEnvironment>(env, obj);
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(env2);
-    _gc->Watch(env2);
-    return env2;
 }
 TClassEnvironment::TClassEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TClassObject *obj) {
     this->env = env;
@@ -33,6 +23,7 @@ TClassEnvironment::TClassEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TClassObject *obj) {
 bool TClassEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return true;
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (this->clsObj->HasValue(current_function == nullptr
                                    ? ""
                                    : current_function->callable->className,
@@ -49,6 +40,8 @@ bool TClassEnvironment::HasVariableOrFieldRecurse(std::string key,
                                                   bool setting) {
     if (key == "this")
         return true;
+
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -63,6 +56,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::GetVariable(std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -75,6 +69,7 @@ void TClassEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     if (key == "this")
         return;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -90,6 +85,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::GetVariable(GCList &ls, std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -107,6 +103,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::SetVariable(GCList &ls, std::string key, TObject v) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;

src/types/closure.cpp

@@ -1,27 +1,18 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TArgWrapper::TArgWrapper(TCallable *callable) : callable(callable) {}
 TArgWrapper *TArgWrapper::Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TArgWrapper *argWrapper = new TArgWrapper();
+    return ls.Create<TArgWrapper>(callable);
-    argWrapper->callable = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(argWrapper);
-    gc->Watch(argWrapper);
-    return argWrapper;
 }
 TArgWrapper *TArgWrapper::Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TArgWrapper *argWrapper = new TArgWrapper();
+    return ls->Create<TArgWrapper>(callable);
-    argWrapper->callable = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(argWrapper);
-    gc->Watch(argWrapper);
-    return argWrapper;
 }
 TObject TArgWrapper::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     TList *argList = TList::Create(ls);
     argList->items = args;
     TObject v = this->callable->Call(ls, {argList});
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
     return v;
 }
 void TArgWrapper::Mark() {
@@ -46,52 +37,39 @@ void TClosure::Mark() {
     this->closure->Mark();
     GC::Mark(this->tag);
 }
-TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList &ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
+TClosure::TClosure(TEnvironment *env, TFile *file, uint32_t chunkId,
-                           uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
+                   bool ownScope) {
-    TClosure *closure = new TClosure();
+    this->className = "";
-    closure->className = "";
+    this->ownScope = ownScope;
-    closure->ownScope = ownScope;
+
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
+    this->chunkId = chunkId;
-    ls.Add(closure);
+
-    _gc->Watch(closure);
-    closure->chunkId = chunkId;
     if (chunkId < file->chunks.size())
-        closure->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
+        this->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
     else
         throw VMException("ChunkId out of bounds.");
-    closure->env = env;
+    this->env = env;
-    closure->file = file;
+    this->file = file;
-
+}
-    return closure;
+TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList &ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
+                           uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
+    return ls.Create<TClosure>(env, file, chunkId, ownScope);
 }
 TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList *ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
                            uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
-    TClosure *closure = new TClosure();
+    return ls->Create<TClosure>(env, file, chunkId, ownScope);
-    closure->className = "";
-    closure->ownScope = ownScope;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(closure);
-    _gc->Watch(closure);
-    closure->chunkId = chunkId;
-    if (chunkId < file->chunks.size())
-        closure->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
-    else
-        throw VMException("ChunkId out of bounds.");
-    closure->env = env;
-    closure->file = file;
-
-    return closure;
 }
 
 TObject TClosure::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     InterperterThread *thrd = InterperterThread::Create(ls);
     thrd->AddCallStackEntry(ls, this, args);
 
     thrd->Execute(ls.GetGC());
 
     TObject v = thrd->call_stack_entries[0]->Pop(ls);
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
+    // current_function = cse;
     return v;
 }
 } // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/dictionary.cpp

@@ -1,24 +1,15 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TDynamicDictionary::TDynamicDictionary(TCallable *callable) : cb(callable) {}
 TDynamicDictionary *TDynamicDictionary::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                TCallable *callable) {
 
-    TDynamicDictionary *dict = new TDynamicDictionary();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicDictionary>(callable);
-    dict->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 TDynamicDictionary *TDynamicDictionary::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicDictionary *dict = new TDynamicDictionary();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicDictionary>(callable);
-    dict->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 
 void TDynamicDictionary::Mark() {
@@ -165,8 +156,9 @@ void TDictionary::DeclareFunction(
 TObject TDictionary::GetValue(std::string key) {
     if (this->items.empty())
         return Undefined();
-    if (this->items.count(key) > 0)
+    auto item = this->items.find(key);
-        return this->items[key];
+    if (item != this->items.end())
+        return item->second;
     return Undefined();
 }
 void TDictionary::SetValue(std::string key, TObject value) {
@@ -189,18 +181,10 @@ void TDictionary::Mark() {
     }
 }
 TDictionary *TDictionary::Create(GCList *gc) {
-    TDictionary *dict = new TDictionary();
+    return gc->Create<TDictionary>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 TDictionary *TDictionary::Create(GCList &gc) {
-    TDictionary *dict = new TDictionary();
+    return gc.Create<TDictionary>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 
 }; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/exception.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+
+TException::TException(std::string message, std::string type,
+                       TDictionary *extraFields, TObject innerException)
+    : message(message), type(type), extraFields(extraFields),
+      innerException(innerException) {}
+TObject TException::CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key,
+                               std::vector<TObject> args) {
+
+    if (key == "getMessage" ||
+        key == "getText") // Text is for compatibility reasons
+        return this->message;
+    if (key == "getInnerException")
+        return this->innerException;
+    if (key == "getType")
+        return this->type;
+    if (key == "getLine")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->line.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getOffset")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->offset.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getColumn")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->column.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getFileName")
+        return this->filename.value_or("");
+
+    if (key == "setLine") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->line && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->line = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setColumn") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->column && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->column = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setOffset") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->offset && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setFileName") {
+        std::string v;
+        if (!this->filename && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->filename = v;
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+
+    if (key == "ToString") {
+        std::string text;
+        text.reserve(this->type.size() + this->message.size() + 3);
+        text.append(this->type);
+        text.append(": ");
+        text.append(this->message);
+        text.push_back('\n');
+        if (this->filename) {
+            auto &filename = *this->filename;
+            text.reserve(text.size() + filename.size() + 4);
+            text.append("At: ");
+            text.append(filename);
+
+            if (this->line) {
+                text.push_back(':');
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->line));
+                if (this->column) {
+
+                    text.push_back(':');
+                    text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                }
+            }
+            text.push_back('\n');
+
+            if (!this->line && this->column) {
+                text.append("Column: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (this->line) {
+                text.append("Line: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->line));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+            if (this->column) {
+                text.append("Column: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (this->offset) {
+            text.append("Offset: ");
+            text.append(std::to_string(*this->offset));
+            text.push_back('\n');
+        }
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(this->innerException)) {
+            text.append("InnerException:");
+
+            std::string textInner = ToString(ls.GetGC(), this->innerException);
+
+            for (auto item : Tesses::Framework::Http::HttpUtils::SplitString(
+                     textInner, "\n")) {
+                if (item.empty()) {
+                    text.push_back('\n');
+                    continue;
+                }
+                text.append("\n\t");
+                text.append(item);
+            }
+        }
+        return text;
+    }
+    if (extraFields != nullptr) {
+        GCList ls2(ls.GetGC());
+        if (extraFields->MethodExists(ls2, key)) {
+            return extraFields->CallMethod(ls, key, args);
+        }
+
+        if (key.size() > 3 && key[0] == 'g' && key[1] == 'e' && key[2] == 't') {
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
+            auto val = extraFields->GetValue(key.substr(3));
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::string TException::TypeName() { return this->type; }
+bool TException::ToBool() { return true; }
+void TException::Mark() {
+    if (marked)
+        return;
+    marked = true;
+
+    if (this->extraFields)
+        this->extraFields->Mark();
+
+    GC::Mark(this->innerException);
+}
+
+TNativeException::TNativeException(const char *what, std::exception_ptr ptr)
+    : what(what != nullptr ? what : ""), ptr(ptr) {}
+TObject TNativeException::CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key,
+                                     std::vector<TObject> args) {
+    if (key == "getMessage" || key == "getText")
+        return this->what;
+    if (key == "getType")
+        return "NativeException";
+
+    if (key == "ToString") {
+        return "NativeException: " + this->what;
+    }
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::string TNativeException::TypeName() { return "NativeException"; }
+std::string TNativeException::What() { return this->what; }
+std::exception_ptr TNativeException::GetPointer() { return this->ptr; }
+void TNativeException::ThrowIt() { std::rethrow_exception(this->ptr); }
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/externalmethod.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 TExternalMethod::TExternalMethod(
-    std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
+    std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
 
     this->cb = cb;
@@ -14,43 +14,24 @@ TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList &ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
-    auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+    return ls.Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb, destroy);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, destroy);
-    ls.Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList *ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
-    auto gc = ls->GetGC();
+    return ls->Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb, destroy);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, destroy);
-    ls->Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList &ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb) {
-    auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+    return ls.Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, []() -> void {});
-    ls.Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList *ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb) {
-    auto gc = ls->GetGC();
+
-    TExternalMethod *method =
+    return ls->Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb);
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, []() -> void {});
-    ls->Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TObject TExternalMethod::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (cb == nullptr)

src/types/ittr.cpp

@@ -44,28 +44,15 @@ void TYieldEnumerator::Mark() {
     GC::Mark(this->current);
     GC::Mark(this->enumerator);
 }
-TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TObject v) {
-    TYieldEnumerator *yieldEnum = new TYieldEnumerator();
-    yieldEnum->current = nullptr;
-    yieldEnum->hasStarted = false;
-    yieldEnum->enumerator = v;
 
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
+TYieldEnumerator::TYieldEnumerator(TObject v)
-    ls.Add(yieldEnum);
+    : current(nullptr), hasStarted(false), enumerator(v) {}
-    _gc->Watch(yieldEnum);
+
-    return yieldEnum;
+TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TObject v) {
+    return ls.Create<TYieldEnumerator>(v);
 }
 TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TObject v) {
-
+    return ls->Create<TYieldEnumerator>(v);
-    TYieldEnumerator *yieldEnum = new TYieldEnumerator();
-    yieldEnum->current = nullptr;
-    yieldEnum->hasStarted = false;
-    yieldEnum->enumerator = v;
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(yieldEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(yieldEnum);
-    return yieldEnum;
 }
 
 bool TCustomEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
@@ -97,21 +84,12 @@ void TCustomEnumerator::Mark() {
         return;
     this->dict->Mark();
 }
+TCustomEnumerator::TCustomEnumerator(TDictionary *dict) : dict(dict) {}
 TCustomEnumerator *TCustomEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TCustomEnumerator *customEnum = new TCustomEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TCustomEnumerator>(dict);
-    customEnum->dict = dict;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(customEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(customEnum);
-    return customEnum;
 }
 TCustomEnumerator *TCustomEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TCustomEnumerator *customEnum = new TCustomEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TCustomEnumerator>(dict);
-    customEnum->dict = dict;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(customEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(customEnum);
-    return customEnum;
 }
 TEnumerator *TEnumerator::CreateFromObject(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     std::string str;
@@ -141,23 +119,16 @@ TEnumerator *TEnumerator::CreateFromObject(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
+TVFSPathEnumerator::TVFSPathEnumerator(
+    Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator)
+    : enumerator(enumerator) {}
 TVFSPathEnumerator *TVFSPathEnumerator::Create(
     GCList &ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator) {
-    TVFSPathEnumerator *vfspathe = new TVFSPathEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TVFSPathEnumerator>(enumerator);
-    vfspathe->enumerator = enumerator;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(vfspathe);
-    _gc->Watch(vfspathe);
-    return vfspathe;
 }
 TVFSPathEnumerator *TVFSPathEnumerator::Create(
     GCList *ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator) {
-    TVFSPathEnumerator *vfspathe = new TVFSPathEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TVFSPathEnumerator>(enumerator);
-    vfspathe->enumerator = enumerator;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(vfspathe);
-    _gc->Watch(vfspathe);
-    return vfspathe;
 }
 bool TVFSPathEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     return enumerator.MoveNext();
@@ -165,25 +136,15 @@ bool TVFSPathEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
 TObject TVFSPathEnumerator::GetCurrent(GCList &ls) {
     return enumerator.Current;
 }
+TDictionaryEnumerator::TDictionaryEnumerator(TDictionary *dict)
+    : dict(dict), hasStarted(false) {}
 TDictionaryEnumerator *TDictionaryEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                      TDictionary *dict) {
-    TDictionaryEnumerator *dicte = new TDictionaryEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TDictionaryEnumerator>(dict);
-    dicte->dict = dict;
-    dicte->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(dicte);
-    _gc->Watch(dicte);
-    return dicte;
 }
 TDictionaryEnumerator *TDictionaryEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                      TDictionary *dict) {
-    TDictionaryEnumerator *dicte = new TDictionaryEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TDictionaryEnumerator>(dict);
-    dicte->dict = dict;
-    dicte->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(dicte);
-    _gc->Watch(dicte);
-    return dicte;
 }
 
 bool TDictionaryEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
@@ -217,24 +178,13 @@ void TDictionaryEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->dict->Mark();
 }
+TListEnumerator::TListEnumerator(TList *list) : ls(list), index(-1) {}
 
 TListEnumerator *TListEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TList *list) {
-    TListEnumerator *liste = new TListEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TListEnumerator *TListEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TList *list) {
-    TListEnumerator *liste = new TListEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TListEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -260,25 +210,17 @@ void TListEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
 
+TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::TAssociativeArrayEnumerator(
+    TAssociativeArray *list)
+    : ls(list), index(-1) {}
+
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TAssociativeArray *list) {
-    TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *liste = new TAssociativeArrayEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TAssociativeArrayEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TAssociativeArray *list) {
-    TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *liste = new TAssociativeArrayEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TAssociativeArrayEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -305,26 +247,16 @@ void TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
+TDynamicListEnumerator::TDynamicListEnumerator(TDynamicList *list)
+    : ls(list), index(-1) {}
 
 TDynamicListEnumerator *TDynamicListEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                        TDynamicList *list) {
-    TDynamicListEnumerator *liste = new TDynamicListEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TDynamicListEnumerator *TDynamicListEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                        TDynamicList *list) {
-    TDynamicListEnumerator *liste = new TDynamicListEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TDynamicListEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -351,24 +283,13 @@ void TDynamicListEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
-
+TStringEnumerator::TStringEnumerator(std::string str)
+    : str(str), hasStarted(false) {}
 TStringEnumerator *TStringEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
-    TStringEnumerator *stre = new TStringEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TStringEnumerator>(str);
-    stre->str = str;
-    stre->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(stre);
-    _gc->Watch(stre);
-    return stre;
 }
 TStringEnumerator *TStringEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, std::string str) {
-    TStringEnumerator *stre = new TStringEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TStringEnumerator>(str);
-    stre->str = str;
-    stre->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(stre);
-    _gc->Watch(stre);
-    return stre;
 }
 bool TStringEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     if (!this->hasStarted) {

src/types/list.cpp

@@ -1,20 +1,11 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TDynamicList::TDynamicList(TCallable *callable) : cb(callable) {}
 TDynamicList *TDynamicList::Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicList *list = new TDynamicList();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicList>(callable);
-    list->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 TDynamicList *TDynamicList::Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicList *list = new TDynamicList();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicList>(callable);
-    list->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 
 void TDynamicList::Mark() {
@@ -120,35 +111,11 @@ TObject TDynamicList::SetAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index, TObject val) {
 
 TDynamicList::~TDynamicList() {}
 
-TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TByteArray>(); }
-    TByteArray *arr = new TByteArray();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(arr);
-    _gc->Watch(arr);
-    return arr;
-}
 
-TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList *ls) {
+TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TByteArray>(); }
-    TByteArray *arr = new TByteArray();
+TList *TList::Create(GCList *gc) { return gc->Create<TList>(); }
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
+TList *TList::Create(GCList &gc) { return gc.Create<TList>(); }
-    ls->Add(arr);
-    _gc->Watch(arr);
-    return arr;
-}
-TList *TList::Create(GCList *gc) {
-    TList *list = new TList();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
-}
-TList *TList::Create(GCList &gc) {
-    TList *list = new TList();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
-}
 void TList::Add(TObject value) { this->items.push_back(value); }
 void TList::Set(int64_t index, TObject value) {
     if (index >= 0 && index < this->Count()) {
@@ -161,7 +128,7 @@ TObject TList::Get(int64_t index) {
     }
     return Undefined();
 }
-int64_t TList::Count() { return (int64_t)this->items.size(); }
+int64_t TList::Count() { return this->items.size(); }
 void TList::Insert(int64_t index, TObject value) {
     if (index >= 0 && index <= this->Count()) {
         this->items.insert(this->items.begin() + index, value);

src/types/native.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
-TNativeObject::~TNativeObject() {}
 
 TNative::TNative(void *ptr, std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
     this->ptr = ptr;
@@ -34,19 +33,11 @@ bool TNativeObject::Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject right) {
 }
 TNative *TNative::Create(GCList &ls, void *ptr,
                          std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
-    TNative *native = new TNative(ptr, destroy);
+    return ls.Create<TNative>(ptr, destroy);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(native);
-    gc->Watch(native);
-    return native;
 }
 TNative *TNative::Create(GCList *ls, void *ptr,
                          std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
-    TNative *native = new TNative(ptr, destroy);
+    return ls->Create<TNative>(ptr, destroy);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(native);
-    gc->Watch(native);
-    return native;
 }
 TNative::~TNative() { this->Destroy(); }
 

src/types/queryable.cpp

@@ -41,19 +41,11 @@ TList *TQueryable::ToList(GCList &ls) {
     return list;
 }
 TQueryable *TQueryable::Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent) {
-    TQueryable *queryable = new TQueryable(parent);
+    return ls.Create<TQueryable>(parent);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(queryable);
-    gc->Watch(queryable);
-    return queryable;
 }
 TQueryable *TQueryable::Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent, TQueryableMode mode,
                                std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    TQueryable *queryable = new TQueryable(parent, mode, args);
+    return ls.Create<TQueryable>(parent, mode, args);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(queryable);
-    gc->Watch(queryable);
-    return queryable;
 }
 
 void TQueryable::Mark() {

src/types/rootenvironment.cpp

@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@ void ThrowConstError(std::string key) {
 
 void TEnvironment::DeclareConstVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     this->DeclareVariable(key, value);
-    this->consts.push_back(key);
+    this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_CONST;
 }
 bool TEnvironment::HasConstForDeclare(std::string key) {
-    for (auto item : this->consts)
+    if (this->decls.count(key) > 0)
-        if (item == key)
+        return this->decls[key] == TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_CONST;
-            return true;
     return false;
 }
 bool TEnvironment::HasConstForSet(std::string key) {
@@ -308,13 +307,15 @@ void TRootEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 void TRootEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
+    if (this->decls.count(key) == 0)
+        this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR;
     return this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 bool TRootEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 bool TRootEnvironment::HasVariableRecurse(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 TEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::GetParentEnvironment() { return this; }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::GetRootEnvironment() { return this; }
@@ -338,18 +339,10 @@ void TRootEnvironment::Mark() {
         cls.first->Mark();
 }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TRootEnvironment *env = new TRootEnvironment(dict);
+    return gc->Create<TRootEnvironment>(dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(env);
-    _gc->Watch(env);
-    return env;
 }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TRootEnvironment *env = new TRootEnvironment(dict);
+    return gc.Create<TRootEnvironment>(dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(env);
-    _gc->Watch(env);
-    return env;
 }
 
 bool TRootEnvironment::HandleException(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,

src/types/subenvironment.cpp

@@ -82,16 +82,24 @@ TObject TSubEnvironment::GetVariable(std::string key) {
     if (this->dict->HasValue(key)) {
         return this->dict->GetValue(key);
     }
+    if (this->decls.count(key) > 0 &&
+        this->decls[key] == TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR) {
+        return Undefined();
+    }
     if (this->env->HasVariableRecurse(key)) {
         return this->env->GetVariable(key);
     }
     return Undefined();
 }
 void TSubEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
+    if (this->decls.count(key) == 0)
+        this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR;
+
     this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 void TSubEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
-    if (this->dict->HasValue(key)) {
+
+    if (this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0) {
         this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
         return;
     }
@@ -102,10 +110,10 @@ void TSubEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     }
 }
 bool TSubEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 bool TSubEnvironment::HasVariableRecurse(std::string key) {
-    if (this->dict->HasValue(key))
+    if (this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0)
         return true;
     return this->env->HasVariableRecurse(key);
 }
@@ -159,19 +167,11 @@ TSubEnvironment *TEnvironment::GetSubEnvironment(GCList &gc) {
 }
 TSubEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                          TDictionary *dict) {
-    TSubEnvironment *senv = new TSubEnvironment(env, dict);
+    return gc->Create<TSubEnvironment>(env, dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(senv);
-    _gc->Watch(senv);
-    return senv;
 }
 TSubEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                          TDictionary *dict) {
-    TSubEnvironment *senv = new TSubEnvironment(env, dict);
+    return gc.Create<TSubEnvironment>(env, dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(senv);
-    _gc->Watch(senv);
-    return senv;
 }
 TEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::GetParentEnvironment() { return this->env; }
 TRootEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::GetRootEnvironment() {

src/vm/bc/executemethod2.cpp

@@ -1490,12 +1490,12 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                                 pattern,
                                 callable->ToRouteServerRequestHandler(gc));
                         }
-                    } else if (key == "Trace") {
+                    } else if (key == "Query") {
                         std::string pattern;
                         TCallable *callable;
                         if (GetArgument(args, 0, pattern) &&
                             GetArgumentHeap(args, 1, callable)) {
-                            routable->Trace(
+                            routable->Query(
                                 pattern,
                                 callable->ToRouteServerRequestHandler(gc));
                         }

src/vm/exception.cpp

@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ void ThrowFatalError(std::exception &ex) {
             error.WriteLine(text);
         }
 
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     if (clrtexcept != nullptr) {
         error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a fatal runtime exception");
         error.WriteLine();
         error.WriteLine(clrtexcept->what());
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     if (compiler != nullptr) {
         error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a compiler error");
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ void ThrowFatalError(std::exception &ex) {
         error.Write(":");
         error.WriteLine((int64_t)li.offset);
 
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
 
     error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a fatal C++ exception");
     error.WriteLine();
     error.Write("what(): ");
     error.WriteLine(ex2->what());
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 } // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/vm/filereader.cpp

@@ -5,22 +5,8 @@
 #include <iostream>
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
-TFile *TFile::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TFile *TFile::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TFile>(); }
-    TFile *f = new TFile();
+TFile *TFile::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TFile>(); }
-    f->icon = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(f);
-    _gc->Watch(f);
-    return f;
-}
-TFile *TFile::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TFile *f = new TFile();
-    f->icon = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(f);
-    _gc->Watch(f);
-    return f;
-}
 void TFileChunk::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;
@@ -28,20 +14,8 @@ void TFileChunk::Mark() {
     this->file->Mark();
 }
 
-TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TFileChunk>(); }
-    TFileChunk *chk = new TFileChunk();
+TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TFileChunk>(); }
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(chk);
-    _gc->Watch(chk);
-    return chk;
-}
-TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TFileChunk *chk = new TFileChunk();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(chk);
-    _gc->Watch(chk);
-    return chk;
-}
 void TFile::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;

src/vm/gc.cpp

@@ -11,7 +11,18 @@
 using namespace Tesses::Framework::Threading;
 using namespace std::chrono;
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
 
+struct PthreadCmp {
+    bool operator()(const pthread_t &a, const pthread_t &b) const {
+        return pthread_equal(a, b) != 0;
+    }
+};
+static std::map<pthread_t, CallStackEntry *, PthreadCmp> current_funcs;
+static Tesses::Framework::Threading::Mutex current_funcs_mtx;
+#else
+thread_local CallStackEntry *current_function;
+#endif
 bool GC::IsRunning() {
 
     bool run = this->running;
@@ -74,7 +85,14 @@ TDictionary *CreateThread(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable, bool detached) {
         TObject cb = th->callable->Call(ls, {});
         gc->BarrierBegin();
         th->returnValue = cb;
+        std::map<pthread_t, int> mt;
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+        current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+        current_funcs.erase(pthread_self());
+        current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+#endif
         gc->BarrierEnd();
+
         th->hasReturned = true;
     });
     while (!th->hasInit)
@@ -93,50 +111,47 @@ void GC::Start() {
             return new Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool(threads);
         },
         [](Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *p) -> void { delete p; });
-    this->mtx = new Mutex();
+
     this->running = true;
     this->thrd = new Thread([this]() -> void {
-        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> last_frame,
-            this_frame;
-
-        this_frame = system_clock::now();
-        last_frame = this_frame;
-
         while (this->IsRunning()) {
-            this_frame = system_clock::now();
+            this->BarrierBegin();
-            if ((this_frame - last_frame) > 10s) {
+            while (this->allocs < ALLOC_THRESHOLD)
+                this->cond.Wait(
+                    &this->mtx); // your wrapper around pthread_cond_wait
+            this->allocs = 0;
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            this->Collect(to_delete);
+            this->BarrierEnd();
 
-                last_frame = this_frame;
+            for (auto o : to_delete)
-                this->Collect();
+                delete o;
-            }
+        }
+        {
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            this->BarrierBegin();
+            this->Collect(to_delete);
+            this->BarrierEnd();
 
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+            for (auto item : to_delete)
-            Sleep(100);
+                delete item;
-#else
-            usleep(100000);
-#endif
         }
-        GC::Collect();
     });
 }
 
 bool GC::UsingNullThreads() { return false; }
 
-void GC::BarrierBegin() { this->mtx->Lock(); }
+void GC::BarrierBegin() { this->mtx.Lock(); }
-void GC::BarrierEnd() { this->mtx->Unlock(); }
+void GC::BarrierEnd() { this->mtx.Unlock(); }
 void GC::Watch(TObject obj) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
         auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
         this->BarrierBegin();
-
+        this->objects.insert(_item);
-        for (auto item : this->objects) {
+        auto nowAllocs = ++this->allocs;
-            if (item == _item) {
-                this->BarrierEnd();
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        this->objects.push_back(_item);
         this->BarrierEnd();
+        if (nowAllocs >= ALLOC_THRESHOLD)
+            this->cond.Signal();
     }
 }
 void GC::Mark(TObject obj) {
@@ -149,65 +164,36 @@ void GC::Unwatch(TObject obj) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
         auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
         this->BarrierBegin();
-        for (auto index = this->objects.begin();
+        this->objects.erase(_item);
-             index != this->objects.end();) {
-            if (*index == _item) {
-                index = this->objects.erase(index);
-                continue;
-            }
-            index++;
-        }
         this->BarrierEnd();
     }
 }
-void GC::SetRoot(TObject obj) {
+void GC::SetRoot(GCList *_item) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (_item == nullptr)
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        return;
-        this->BarrierBegin();
+    this->BarrierBegin();
 
-        for (auto item : this->roots) {
+    this->roots.insert(_item);
-            if (item == _item) {
+    this->BarrierEnd();
-                this->BarrierEnd();
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        this->roots.push_back(_item);
-        this->BarrierEnd();
-    }
 }
 Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *GC::GetPool() {
     return this->tpool->GetValue();
 }
 
-void GC::UnsetRoot(TObject obj) {
+void GC::UnsetRoot(GCList *_item) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (_item == nullptr)
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        return;
-        this->BarrierBegin();
+    this->BarrierBegin();
-        for (auto index = this->roots.begin(); index != this->roots.end();) {
+    this->roots.erase(_item);
-            if (*index == _item) {
+    this->BarrierEnd();
-                index = this->roots.erase(index);
-                continue;
-            }
-            index++;
-        }
-        this->BarrierEnd();
-    }
 }
 
 GC::~GC() {
-    GC::BarrierBegin();
-
-    this->roots.clear();
-    GC::BarrierEnd();
-
     this->running = false;
+    this->cond.Signal();
     this->thrd->Join();
     delete this->thrd;
-    for (auto item : objects)
-        delete item;
-
     delete this->tpool;
-    delete this->mtx;
 }
 
 void GC::RegisterEverythingCallback(
@@ -218,23 +204,45 @@ void GC::RegisterEverything(TRootEnvironment *env) {
     for (auto item : this->register_everything)
         item(this->shared_from_this(), env);
 }
-void GC::Collect() {
+
-    this->BarrierBegin();
+CallStackEntry *GC::GetCurrentFunction() {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+    current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+    auto val = current_funcs[pthread_self()];
+    current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+
+    return val;
+
+#else
+    return current_function;
+#endif
+}
+void GC::SetCurrentFunction(CallStackEntry *cse) {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+    current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+    current_funcs[pthread_self()] = cse;
+    current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+#else
+    current_function = cse;
+#endif
+}
+
+void GC::Collect(std::vector<THeapObject *> &to_delete) {
+
     for (auto item : this->objects) {
         item->marked = false;
     }
     for (auto item : this->roots) {
         item->Mark();
     }
-    for (auto index = this->objects.begin(); index != this->objects.end();
+    for (auto index = this->objects.begin(); index != this->objects.end();) {
-         index++) {
         THeapObject *o = *index;
         if (!o->marked) {
-            delete o;
+            to_delete.push_back(o);
-            this->objects.erase(index);
+            index = this->objects.erase(index);
-            index--;
+        } else {
+            ++index;
         }
     }
-    this->BarrierEnd();
 }
 }; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/vm/gclist.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ GCList::GCList(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     gc->BarrierEnd();
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<GC> GCList::GetGC() { return this->gc; }
+std::shared_ptr<GC> GCList::GetGC() const { return this->gc; }
 void GCList::Remove(TObject obj) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
         auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ void GCList::Add(TObject obj) {
     }
 }
 void GCList::Mark() {
-    this->marked = true;
     for (auto item : this->items) {
         item->Mark();
     }

src/vm/vm.cpp

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
-thread_local CallStackEntry *current_function = nullptr;
-
 TObject ExecuteFunction(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable,
                         std::vector<TObject> args) {
     return callable->Call(ls, args);
@@ -2113,8 +2111,14 @@ bool InterperterThread::Throw(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(_res2)) {
         auto env = cse.back()->env;
-        if (!env->GetRootEnvironment()->HandleException(gc, env, _res2))
+        if (!env->GetRootEnvironment()->HandleException(gc, env, _res2)) {
+            TNativeException *nex;
+            if (GetObjectHeap(_res2, nex)) {
+                nex->ThrowIt();
+            }
+
             throw VMByteCodeException(gc, _res2, cse.back());
+        }
     }
     return false;
 }
@@ -2223,6 +2227,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::JumpUndefined(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 bool InterperterThread::Jump(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> &cse = this->call_stack_entries;
+
     auto stk = cse.back();
 
     if (stk->ip + 4 <= stk->callable->closure->code.size()) {
@@ -2409,23 +2414,39 @@ bool InterperterThread::TryCatch(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     if (GetObjectHeap(tryFn, tryC) && GetObjectHeap(catchFn, catchC)) {
         try {
             stk->Push(gc, tryC->Call(ls, {}));
-        }
 
-        catch (std::exception &ex) {
+        } catch (std::bad_alloc &ex) {
-            TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
+            std::cerr
-            auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+                << "CrossLang has failed to allocate, sorry for termination."
-            auto myEx = dynamic_cast<VMByteCodeException *>(&ex);
+                << std::endl;
-            if (myEx != nullptr) {
+            std::exit(1);
-                stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {myEx->exception}));
+        } catch (const std::string &ex) {
-            } else {
+            stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {ex}));
-                gc->BarrierBegin();
+        } catch (const char *ex) {
 
-                dict->SetValue("Type", "NativeException");
+            stk->Push(gc,
-                dict->SetValue("Text", ex.what());
+                      catchC->Call(ls, {std::string{ex != nullptr ? ex : ""}}));
-                gc->BarrierEnd();
+        } catch (std::runtime_error &ex) {
 
-                stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {dict}));
+            stk->Push(
-            }
+                gc, catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TException>(
+                                         ls, ex.what(), "RuntimeException")}));
+        } catch (VMException &ex) {
+            stk->Push(
+                gc, catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TException>(
+                                         ls, ex.GetMessage(), "VMException")}));
+        } catch (VMByteCodeException &ex) {
+            stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {ex.exception}));
+        } catch (std::exception &ex) {
+            stk->Push(gc,
+                      catchC->Call(
+                          ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TNativeException>(
+                                  ls, ex.what(), std::current_exception())}));
+        } catch (...) {
+            stk->Push(gc,
+                      catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TNativeException>(
+                                           ls, "<No Message>",
+                                           std::current_exception())}));
         }
     }
     return false;
@@ -2693,14 +2714,14 @@ void InterperterThread::Execute(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> &cse = this->call_stack_entries;
 #define VM_OPCODE_TABLE_INLINE
-#include "vm_opcode_table.h"
+#include "vm_opcode_table.def"
 #undef VM_OPCODE_TABLE_INLINE
 
 execute:
 
     if (!cse.empty()) {
         auto stk = cse.back();
-        current_function = stk;
+        GC::SetCurrentFunction(stk);
 
         try {
             while (stk->ip < 0xFFFFFFFF &&
@@ -2721,7 +2742,7 @@ execute:
                         cse[cse.size() - 2]->Push(gc, o);
 
                         cse.erase(cse.end() - 1);
-                        current_function = cse.back();
+                        GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse.back());
                         gc->BarrierEnd();
                         goto execute;
                     } else {
@@ -2729,8 +2750,13 @@ execute:
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (gc->UsingNullThreads())
+                if (gc->UsingNullThreads()) {
-                    gc->Collect();
+                    std::vector<THeapObject *> objs;
+                    gc->Collect(objs);
+                    for (auto &item : objs) {
+                        delete item;
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             stk->mustReturn = false;
@@ -2764,7 +2790,7 @@ execute:
         }
         if (cse.size() == 1) {
 
-            current_function = nullptr;
+            GC::SetCurrentFunction(nullptr);
             {
 
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
@@ -2817,7 +2843,7 @@ execute:
                 cse[cse.size() - 2]->Push(gc, o);
 
                 cse.erase(cse.end() - 1);
-                current_function = cse.back();
+                GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse.back());
                 gc->BarrierEnd();
 
                 for (auto item : callable) {
@@ -2846,7 +2872,7 @@ void CallStackEntry::Push(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject o) {
     gc->BarrierEnd();
 }
 TObject CallStackEntry::Resume(GCList &ls) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     InterperterThread *thrd = InterperterThread::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     thrd->call_stack_entries.push_back(this);
@@ -2855,7 +2881,7 @@ TObject CallStackEntry::Resume(GCList &ls) {
     thrd->Execute(ls.GetGC());
 
     TObject v = thrd->call_stack_entries[0]->Pop(ls);
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
     return v;
 }
 TObject CallStackEntry::Pop(GCList &gc) {
@@ -2870,41 +2896,17 @@ TObject CallStackEntry::Pop(GCList &gc) {
 }
 
 InterperterThread *InterperterThread::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    InterperterThread *it = new InterperterThread();
+    return ls.Create<InterperterThread>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(it);
-    _gc->Watch(it);
-    return it;
 }
 InterperterThread *InterperterThread::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    InterperterThread *it = new InterperterThread();
+    return ls->Create<InterperterThread>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(it);
-    _gc->Watch(it);
-    return it;
 }
 CallStackEntry *CallStackEntry::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    CallStackEntry *cse = new CallStackEntry();
+    return ls.Create<CallStackEntry>();
-    cse->mustReturn = false;
-    cse->srcline = -1;
-    cse->srcfile = "";
-    cse->thread = nullptr;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(cse);
-    _gc->Watch(cse);
-    return cse;
 }
 
 CallStackEntry *CallStackEntry::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    CallStackEntry *cse = new CallStackEntry();
+    return ls->Create<CallStackEntry>();
-    cse->mustReturn = false;
-    cse->srcline = -1;
-    cse->srcfile = "";
-    cse->thread = nullptr;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(cse);
-    _gc->Watch(cse);
-    return cse;
 }
 void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
                                           std::vector<TObject> args) {
@@ -2963,6 +2965,18 @@ void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
             cse->env->DeclareVariable(trimStart(closure->closure->args[i]),
                                       args[i]);
         }
+
+        for (; i < closure->closure->args.size(); i++) {
+            auto &a = closure->closure->args[i];
+            if (a.size() > 1 && a[0] == '$') {
+                if (a[1] == '$') {
+                    break;
+                }
+                cse->env->DeclareVariable(trimStart(a), Undefined());
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
         std::string back = closure->closure->args.empty()
                                ? std::string()
                                : closure->closure->args.back();
@@ -2979,7 +2993,7 @@ void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
             throw VMException("Too many arguments");
     }
 
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
 
     this->call_stack_entries.push_back(cse);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();