First commit to big refactor

.gitea/workflows/tag.yaml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ on:
       - 'v*'
 
 env:
-  TF_VERSION: 0.0.6
+  TF_VERSION: 0.0.7
   PACKAGE_AND_BREW: ${{ secrets.PACKAGE_AND_BREW }} 
   VERSION: ${{ gitea.ref_name }}
   RESULT_IMAGE_NAME: tesses50/crosslang

changelog.md

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 0.0.10
+Replace time-based GC with allocation-count trigger, migrate all Create factories to GCList::Create(), fix VFSPath root path, reorder TObject variant
+
 ## 0.0.9
 Fixed Process.ShellFileOrUrl was broken New.ShellFileOrUrl
 

cmake/findtf.cmake

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ set(CROSSLANG_STATIC ${TESSESFRAMEWORK_STATIC} CACHE INTERNAL "For CrossLang" FO
 FetchContent_Declare(
     TessesFramework
     GIT_REPOSITORY https://git.tesses.org/tesses50/tessesframework.git
-    GIT_TAG bd0587779e68832cf382fe49b6b2e99474bcf81f
+    GIT_TAG 5b54af1728907559999e446e56497055297a3696
 )
 set(TESSESFRAMEWORK_ENABLE_EXAMPLES OFF)
 FetchContent_MakeAvailable(TessesFramework)

cmake/sources.cmake

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ src/types/class.cpp
 src/types/classenvironment.cpp
 src/types/random.cpp
 src/types/queryable.cpp
+src/types/exception.cpp
 src/vm/filereader.cpp
 src/vm/gc.cpp
 src/vm/gclist.cpp

cmake/version.cmake

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 set(CROSSLANG_MAJOR_VERSION 0)
 set(CROSSLANG_MINOR_VERSION 0)
-set(CROSSLANG_PATCH_VERSION 9)
+set(CROSSLANG_PATCH_VERSION 10)

src/archive.cpp

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ void CrossArchiveCreate(
     strs.push_back("Console");
     strs.push_back("WriteLine");
     strs.push_back("You are trying to run a crvm archive, stop it you won't "
-                   "get anywhere!\nUse crossarchiveextract instead.");
+                   "get anywhere!\nUse crosslang archiveextract instead.");
 
     std::vector<std::string> resources;
 

src/compiler/ast.cpp

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ SyntaxNode Deserialize(std::string astData) {
 }
 #if defined(CROSSLANG_ENABLE_JSON)
 static json_t *Serialize2(SyntaxNode node) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(node))
+    if (IsNull(node))
         return json_null();
     if (std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(node)) {
         return json_integer(std::get<int64_t>(node));

src/compiler/codegen.cpp

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ void CodeGen::WriteMetadataObject(std::vector<uint8_t> &bytes, SyntaxNode n) {
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (asn.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
             bytes.push_back(7);
             size_t offset = bytes.size();
             bytes.resize(offset + 4);
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ void CodeGen::WriteMetadataObject(std::vector<uint8_t> &bytes, SyntaxNode n) {
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (asn.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, asn.nodes[0]);
             bytes.push_back(8);
             size_t offset = bytes.size();
             bytes.resize(offset + 4);
@@ -827,6 +827,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
                         ent.closure = (uint32_t)fnindex;
                         this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+
+                        std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
                         auto &nameAndArgs =
                             std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(adv2.nodes[2]);
                         if (nameAndArgs.nodeName == FunctionCallExpression &&
@@ -844,14 +846,13 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                                     std::get<std::string>(getvar.nodes[0]));
                                 if (nameAndArgs.nodes.size() > 1) {
                                     GetFunctionArgs(ent.arguments,
+                                                    fnInstructions,
                                                     nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
                                 }
                             } else
                                 continue;
                         }
 
-                        std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
-
                         GenNode(fnInstructions, adv2.nodes[3], 0, -1, -1, -1,
                                 -1);
 
@@ -881,8 +882,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                                 ent.name = GetString(
                                     std::get<std::string>(getvar.nodes[0]));
                                 if (nameAndArgs.nodes.size() > 1) {
-                                    GetFunctionArgs(ent.arguments,
+                                    FlattenCommas(ent.arguments,
-                                                    nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
+                                                  nameAndArgs.nodes[1]);
                                 }
                             } else
                                 continue;
@@ -1041,13 +1042,13 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         }
                         if (item.first.second.nodeName == DefaultStatement) {
                             if (!defaultJmp.empty())
-                                std::cout << "ERROR: multiple default in "
+                                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
-                                             "switch statement will cause "
+                                    "ERROR: multiple default in "
-                                             "undefined behaviour, this is not "
+                                    "switch statement will cause "
-                                             "an exception due to not allowing "
+                                    "undefined behaviour, this is not "
-                                             "exceptions in codegen stage (the "
+                                    "an exception due to not allowing "
-                                             "compilation shouldn't fail)"
+                                    "exceptions in codegen stage (the "
-                                          << std::endl;
+                                    "compilation shouldn't fail)");
                             defaultJmp = item.first.first;
                         }
                     }
@@ -1223,7 +1224,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (adv.nodes.size() > 0)
 
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
             for (auto item : itms) {
                 GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope, contI,
                         brkI);
@@ -1233,7 +1234,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(CREATEDICTIONARY));
             std::vector<SyntaxNode> itms;
             if (adv.nodes.size() > 0)
-                GetFunctionArgs(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
+                FlattenCommas(itms, adv.nodes[0]);
             for (auto item : itms) {
                 if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(item)) {
                     auto tkn = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(item);
@@ -1273,7 +1274,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         contI, brkI);
                 if (adv.nodes.size() == 2) {
                     std::vector<SyntaxNode> nodes;
-                    GetFunctionArgs(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
+                    FlattenCommas(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
                     for (auto item : nodes)
                         GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope,
                                 contI, brkI);
@@ -1288,7 +1289,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
                         contI, brkI);
                 if (adv.nodes.size() == 2) {
                     std::vector<SyntaxNode> nodes;
-                    GetFunctionArgs(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
+                    FlattenCommas(nodes, adv.nodes[1]);
                     for (auto item : nodes)
                         GenNode(instructions, item, scope, contscope, brkscope,
                                 contI, brkI);
@@ -1555,7 +1556,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
 
         } else if (adv.nodeName == ContinueStatement) {
             if (contscope == -1) {
-                std::cout << "WARN: continue does nothing here\n";
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: continue does nothing here");
             } else if (contscope == -2) {
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(PUSHCONTINUE));
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(RET));
@@ -1572,7 +1574,8 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             }
         } else if (adv.nodeName == BreakStatement) {
             if (brkscope == -1) {
-                std::cout << "WARN: break does nothing here\n";
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: break does nothing here");
             } else if (brkscope == -2) {
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(PUSHBREAK));
                 instructions.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(RET));
@@ -1978,7 +1981,7 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             //(a,b) => {}
             // it has two args
             std::vector<uint32_t> args;
-            GetFunctionArgs(args, adv.nodes[0]);
+            FlattenCommas(args, adv.nodes[0]);
 
             std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
             size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
@@ -2008,12 +2011,11 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
             // Name => {}
             //(a,b) => {}
             // it has two args
-            std::vector<uint32_t> args;
-            GetFunctionArgs(args, adv.nodes[0]);
-
             std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> fnInstructions;
             size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
             this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+            std::vector<uint32_t> args;
+            GetFunctionArgs(args, fnInstructions, adv.nodes[0]);
 
             auto body = adv.nodes[1];
 
@@ -2060,18 +2062,20 @@ void CodeGen::GenNode(std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instructions,
         }
     }
 }
-void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n) {
+void CodeGen::FlattenCommas(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &args, SyntaxNode n) {
     AdvancedSyntaxNode sn;
     if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n) &&
         (sn = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n)).nodeName == CommaExpression &&
         sn.nodes.size() == 2) {
-        GetFunctionArgs(args, sn.nodes[0]);
+        FlattenCommas(args, sn.nodes[0]);
-        GetFunctionArgs(args, sn.nodes[1]);
+        FlattenCommas(args, sn.nodes[1]);
     } else {
         args.push_back(n);
     }
 }
-void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
+void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name,
+                              std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *> &instrs,
+                              SyntaxNode n) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(n))
         return;
 
@@ -2079,10 +2083,90 @@ void CodeGen::GetFunctionArgs(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
         auto res = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n);
         if (res.nodeName == ParenthesesExpression) {
             for (auto n : res.nodes)
-                GetFunctionArgs(name, n);
+                GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, n);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == AssignExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
+            // ennsure the left argument is a getVariableExpression
+            if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(res.nodes[0])) {
+                auto left = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(res.nodes[0]);
+
+                if (left.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
+                    !left.nodes.empty() &&
+                    std::holds_alternative<std::string>(left.nodes[0])) {
+                    std::string key = std::get<std::string>(left.nodes[0]);
+                    if (key.size() >= 2 && key[0] == '$' && key[1] == '$') {
+                        Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                            "WARN: you can't assign variadic functions to a "
+                            "default value, this will be an "
+                            "error on future release.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (key.size() > 0 && key[0] == '$') {
+                        key.erase(key.cbegin());
+                    }
+
+                    name.push_back(GetString('$' + key));
+
+                    uint32_t ifId = NewId();
+                    std::string compGenSetVar = "__compGenSetVar";
+                    compGenSetVar.append(std::to_string(ifId));
+
+                    std::string compGenSetVarEnd = "__compGenSetVarEnd";
+                    compGenSetVarEnd.append(std::to_string(ifId));
+                    GenNode(instrs,
+                            AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(GetVariableExpression,
+                                                       true, {key}),
+                            0, -1, -1, -1, -1);
+                    instrs.push_back(new JumpStyleInstruction(
+                        Tesses::CrossLang::Instruction::JMPUNDEFINED,
+                        compGenSetVar));
+                    instrs.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(POP));
+                    instrs.push_back(new JumpStyleInstruction(
+                        Tesses::CrossLang::Instruction::JMP, compGenSetVarEnd));
+                    instrs.push_back(new LabelInstruction(compGenSetVar));
+                    GenNode(instrs,
+                            AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(
+                                AssignExpression, true,
+                                {AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(DeclareExpression,
+                                                            true, {key}),
+                                 res.nodes[1]}),
+
+                            0, -1, -1, -1, -1);
+                    instrs.push_back(new SimpleInstruction(POP));
+                    instrs.push_back(new LabelInstruction(compGenSetVarEnd));
+                } else {
+                    Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                        "WARN: assignment does not assign arg, this will be an "
+                        "error on future release.");
+                }
+            } else {
+                Tesses::Framework::Console::WriteLine(
+                    "WARN: assignment does not assign arg, this will be an "
+                    "error on future release.");
+            }
         } else if (res.nodeName == CommaExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
-            GetFunctionArgs(name, res.nodes[0]);
+            GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, res.nodes[0]);
-            GetFunctionArgs(name, res.nodes[1]);
+            GetFunctionArgs(name, instrs, res.nodes[1]);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
+                   res.nodes.size() == 1) {
+            if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(res.nodes[0])) {
+                name.push_back(GetString(std::get<std::string>(res.nodes[0])));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+void CodeGen::FlattenCommas(std::vector<uint32_t> &name, SyntaxNode n) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(n))
+        return;
+
+    if (std::holds_alternative<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n)) {
+        auto res = std::get<AdvancedSyntaxNode>(n);
+        if (res.nodeName == ParenthesesExpression) {
+            for (auto n : res.nodes)
+                FlattenCommas(name, n);
+        } else if (res.nodeName == CommaExpression && res.nodes.size() == 2) {
+            FlattenCommas(name, res.nodes[0]);
+            FlattenCommas(name, res.nodes[1]);
         } else if (res.nodeName == GetVariableExpression &&
                    res.nodes.size() == 1) {
             if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(res.nodes[0])) {
@@ -2175,14 +2259,14 @@ void CodeGen::GenRoot(SyntaxNode n) {
                                         functionName.insert(
                                             functionName.begin(),
                                             {GetString(documentation)});
-                                        if (fcalli.nodes.size() == 2)
-                                            GetFunctionArgs(args,
-                                                            fcalli.nodes[1]);
-
                                         std::vector<ByteCodeInstruction *>
                                             fnInstructions;
                                         size_t fnindex = this->chunks.size();
                                         this->chunks.resize(fnindex + 1);
+                                        if (fcalli.nodes.size() == 2)
+                                            GetFunctionArgs(args,
+                                                            fnInstructions,
+                                                            fcalli.nodes[1]);
 
                                         GenNode(fnInstructions, res2.nodes[1],
                                                 0, -1, -1, -1, -1);

src/compiler/lexer.cpp

@@ -482,6 +482,7 @@ int Lex(std::string filename, std::istream &strm,
             }
             break;
         case '<':
+        case '>':
         case '?':
             if (peek == read) {
                 Flush();
@@ -532,7 +533,6 @@ int Lex(std::string filename, std::istream &strm,
         case '^':
         case '~':
         case '!':
-        case '>':
         case '*':
         case '%':
             //*

src/compiler/parser.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 SyntaxNode TObject2SyntaxNode(TObject o) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(o))
         return Undefined();
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(o))
+    if (IsNull(o))
         return nullptr;
     if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(o))
         return std::get<std::string>(o);
@@ -115,58 +115,16 @@ bool Parser::IsIdentifier(std::string txt, bool pop) {
     }
     return false;
 }
-
 bool Parser::IsAnySymbol(std::initializer_list<std::string> idents, bool pop) {
-
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol)
             return false;
         for (auto item : idents) {
-            if (item == ">") {
+            if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
+                tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" ||
+                if (pop)
-                         tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
+                    i++;
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
+                return true;
-                        continue;
-                }
-                if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if (pop)
-                        i++;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            } else if (item == ">>=") {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                    if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                        tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                        tkn = tokens[i];
-                        tkn.text = ">>=";
-                        if (pop)
-                            i += 2;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else if (item == ">>") {
-                if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                    if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                        tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                        tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                        tkn = tokens[i];
-                        tkn.text = ">>";
-                        if (pop)
-                            i += 2;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                }
-
-            } else {
-                if (item == tokens[i].text) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    if (pop)
-                        i++;
-                    return true;
-                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -176,45 +134,7 @@ bool Parser::IsSymbol(std::string txt, bool pop) {
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol)
             return false;
-        if (txt == ">") {
+        if (tokens[i].text == txt) {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" || tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
-                    return false;
-            }
-            if (txt == tokens[i].text) {
-                tkn = tokens[i];
-                if (pop)
-                    i++;
-                return true;
-            }
-        } else if (txt == ">>=") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    tkn.text = ">>=";
-                    if (pop)
-                        i += 2;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        } else if (txt == ">>") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    tkn.text = ">>";
-                    if (pop)
-                        i += 2;
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-
-        } else if (tokens[i].text == txt) {
             tkn = tokens[i];
             if (pop)
                 i++;
@@ -233,7 +153,6 @@ static std::string EnsureSafeVariable(LexToken token) {
 }
 void Parser::EnsureSymbol(std::string txt) {
     if (i < tokens.size()) {
-
         if (tokens[i].type != LexTokenType::Symbol) {
             throw SyntaxException(
                 tokens[i].lineInfo,
@@ -241,69 +160,7 @@ void Parser::EnsureSymbol(std::string txt) {
                     LexTokenType_ToString(tokens[i].type) + " \"" +
                     tokens[i].text + "\" which is not a symbol at all.");
         }
-        if (txt == ">") {
+        if (tokens[i].text != txt) {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if ((tokens[i + 1].text == ">" || tokens[i + 1].text == ">=") &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol)
-                    throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                          "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                              "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                              tokens[i].text +
-                                              tokens[i + 1].text + "\"");
-                ;
-            }
-            if (txt == tokens[i].text) {
-
-                tkn = tokens[i];
-                i++;
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        if (txt == ">>=") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">=" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    i += 2;
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                      "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                          "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                          tokens[i].text + tokens[i + 1].text +
-                                          "\"");
-            }
-
-            throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                  "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                      "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                      tokens[i].text + "\"");
-        } else if (txt == ">>") {
-            if (i + 1 < tokens.size()) {
-                if (tokens[i].text == ">" && tokens[i + 1].text == ">" &&
-                    tokens[i].type == LexTokenType::Symbol &&
-                    tokens[i + 1].type == LexTokenType::Symbol) {
-
-                    tkn = tokens[i];
-                    i += 2;
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                      "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                          "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                          tokens[i].text + tokens[i + 1].text +
-                                          "\"");
-            }
-
-            throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
-                                  "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
-                                      "\" but got the symbol \"" +
-                                      tokens[i].text + "\"");
-        } else if (tokens[i].text != txt) {
 
             throw SyntaxException(tokens[i].lineInfo,
                                   "expected the symbol \"" + txt +
@@ -633,6 +490,10 @@ void Parser::ParseHtml(std::vector<SyntaxNode> &nodes, std::string var) {
                 EnsureSymbol(")");
                 EnsureSymbol(">");
 
+                if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(item))
+                    item = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(DeclareExpression, true,
+                                                      {"item"});
+
                 std::vector<SyntaxNode> _nodes;
                 parseFn(_nodes, "each");
                 body = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(ScopeNode, false, _nodes);
@@ -1411,7 +1272,7 @@ SyntaxNode Parser::ParseNode(bool isRoot) {
         }
 
         if (!isRoot)
-            i++;
+            EnsureSymbol("}");
         return aSN;
     }
 
@@ -1517,10 +1378,8 @@ SyntaxNode Parser::ParseNode(bool isRoot) {
             body = ParseNode();
         }
         if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(item))
-            item = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(
+            item =
-                DeclareExpression, true,
+                AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(DeclareExpression, true, {"item"});
-                {AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(GetVariableExpression, true,
-                                            {"item"})});
 
         return AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(EachStatement, false,
                                           {item, list, body});
@@ -2006,6 +1865,8 @@ SyntaxNode Parser::ParseBAnd() {
 SyntaxNode Parser::ParseExpression() {
     SyntaxNode expr = ParseAssignment();
     while (IsSymbol(",")) {
+        if (IsAnySymbol({"]", "}"}, false))
+            break;
         expr = AdvancedSyntaxNode::Create(CommaExpression, true,
                                           {expr, ParseAssignment()});
     }

src/program_lib/crossarchivecreate.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static void Help(std::string &filename) {
     printf("  -n:  Set name (MyAppOrLibName defaults to out)\n");
     printf("  -h, --help:  Prints help\n");
     printf("Options except for help have flag with arg like this: -F ARG\n");
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 
 int64_t CrossArchiveCreate(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ int64_t CrossArchiveCreate(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                     printf("Expected "
                            "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-prod]"
                            "]]]\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else {

src/program_lib/crosslang.cpp

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ TObject CrossLangShell(GCList &ls, std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
     env->LoadFileWithDependencies(
         ls.GetGC(), Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::LocalFS, filename);
 
-    TList *args = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *args = ls.Create<TList>();
 
     args->Add(filename.ToString());
 

src/program_lib/crosslangcompiler.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static void Help(std::string filename) {
            "for sane with file access to current directory and sub "
            "directories, \"full\" has full runtime.\n");
     printf("Options except for help have flag with arg like this: -F ARG\n");
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
     /*std::ifstream strm(argv[1],std::ios_base::in|std::ios_base::binary);
@@ -107,14 +107,14 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                         printf("Expected "
                                "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-"
                                "prod]]]]\n");
-                        exit(1);
+                        std::exit(1);
                     }
                     dependencies.push_back(
                         std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(str1, v2));
 
                 } else {
                     printf("ERROR: Dependency must have version\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-t") {
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                         printf("Expected "
                                "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-"
                                "prod]]]]\n");
-                        exit(1);
+                        std::exit(1);
                     }
                     tools.push_back(
                         std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(str1, v2));
 
                 } else {
                     printf("ERROR: Tool must have version\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-n") {
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
                     printf("Expected "
                            "MAJOR[.MINOR[.PATCH[.BUILD[-dev,-alpha,-beta,-prod]"
                            "]]]\n");
-                    exit(1);
+                    std::exit(1);
                 }
             }
         } else if (argv[i] == "-D" || argv[i] == "--debug") {
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
 
         if (comptime == "secure") {
             TStd::RegisterConsole(gc, env);
-            TStd::RegisterClass(gc, env);
+            TStd::RegisterZeClass(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterCrypto(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterDictionary(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterJson(gc, env);
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ void CrossLangCompiler(std::vector<std::string> &argv) {
             env->permissions.locked = true;
         } else if (comptime == "secure_file") {
             TStd::RegisterConsole(gc, env);
-            TStd::RegisterClass(gc, env);
+            TStd::RegisterZeClass(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterCrypto(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterDictionary(gc, env);
             TStd::RegisterJson(gc, env);

src/program_lib/crosslanginterperter.cpp

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ TObject CrossLangInterperter(GCList &ls, TRootEnvironment *env,
             }
         }
 
-        TList *args = TList::Create(ls);
+        TList *args = ls.Create<TList>();
         for (int arg = 1; arg < argv.size(); arg++)
             args->Add(std::string(argv[arg]));
 

src/program_lib/crosslangvm.cpp

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ TObject CrossLangVM(GCList &ls, TRootEnvironment *env,
 
         env->EnsureDictionary(ls.GetGC(), "Net")
             ->SetValue("WebServerPort", (int64_t)port);
-        TList *args2 = TList::Create(ls);
+        TList *args2 = ls.Create<TList>();
         for (auto &item : args.positional) {
             args2->Add(item);
         }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ TObject CrossLangVM(GCList &ls, TRootEnvironment *env,
         TF_Quit();
         return (int64_t)0;
     } else {
-        TList *args = TList::Create(ls);
+        TList *args = ls.Create<TList>();
         for (size_t arg = 1; arg < argv.size(); arg++)
             args->Add(std::string(argv[arg]));
 

src/runtime_methods/class.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 static TList *VectorOfStringToList(GCList &ls, std::vector<std::string> &strs) {
-    TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     for (auto &item : strs)
         list->Add(item);
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ static TList *VectorOfStringToList(GCList &ls, std::vector<std::string> &strs) {
     return list;
 }
 static TList *EntriesToList(GCList &ls, std::vector<TClassEntry> &ents) {
-    TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     for (auto &item : ents) {
         std::string modifier = "public";
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ static TList *EntriesToList(GCList &ls, std::vector<TClassEntry> &ents) {
     return list;
 }
 static TList *ClassInstanceToList(GCList &ls, TClassObject *co) {
-    TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     for (auto &item : co->entries) {
         if (item.modifier == TClassModifier::Public) {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ static TObject Class_CreateInstance(TRootEnvironment *env, GCList &ls,
 }
 static TObject Class_GetClassNames(TRootEnvironment *env, GCList &ls,
                                    std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     for (auto &item : env->classes) {
         list->Add(JoinPeriod(item.first->classes.at(item.second).name));
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ static TObject Class_GetInfo(TRootEnvironment *env, GCList &ls,
 
     return nullptr;
 }
-void TStd::RegisterClass(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
+void TStd::RegisterZeClass(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
     GCList ls(gc);
-    env->permissions.canRegisterClass = true;
+    env->permissions.canRegisterZeClass = true;
     TDictionary *cls = env->EnsureDictionary(gc, "Class");
     gc->BarrierBegin();
 

src/runtime_methods/console.cpp

@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ TObject Console_Write(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 TObject Console_Fatal(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (args.size() < 1) {
         Tesses::Framework::Console::ErrorLine("FATAL: <NO MESSAGE>");
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     Tesses::Framework::Console::ErrorLine("FATAL: " +
                                           ToString(ls.GetGC(), args[0]));
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 TObject Console_WriteLine(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 

src/runtime_methods/dictionary.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 TObject Dictionary_FindByKey(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    TList *dest = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *dest = ls.Create<TList>();
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     std::string key;
     if (GetArgument(args, 1, key)) {

src/runtime_methods/env.cpp

@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 #include "TessesFramework/Serialization/BitConverter.hpp"
 
-#if defined(_WIN32)
-#include <windows.h>
-#endif
-
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 using namespace Tesses::Framework::Platform::Environment;
 #if defined(_WIN32)
@@ -95,7 +91,7 @@ static TObject Env_GetRealExecutablePath(GCList &ls,
 }
 static TObject Env_GetAll(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
     std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> env;
     Tesses::Framework::Platform::Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables(env);
     for (auto &item : env) {

src/runtime_methods/io.cpp

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static TObject FS_ReadAllLines(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
         Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::Helpers::ReadAllLines(vfs, path, lines);
 
         ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-        auto items = TList::Create(ls);
+        auto items = ls.Create<TList>();
         for (auto &l : lines) {
             items->Add(l);
         }

src/runtime_methods/json.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ using namespace Tesses::Framework::Serialization::Json;
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
 static bool IsValidForJson(TObject v) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(v))
+    if (IsNull(v))
         return true;
 
     if (std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(v))
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ static bool IsValidForJson(TObject v) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(v))
         return true;
 
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(v)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(v)) {
-        auto res = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(v);
+        auto res = std::get<THeapObject *>(v);
-        auto ls = dynamic_cast<TList *>(res.obj);
+        auto ls = dynamic_cast<TList *>(res);
-        auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(res.obj);
+        auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(res);
         if (ls != nullptr)
             return true;
         if (dict != nullptr)
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static bool IsValidForJson(TObject v) {
     return false;
 }
 static JToken JsonSerialize(TObject v) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(v))
+    if (IsNull(v))
         return nullptr;
     if (std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(v))
         return std::get<int64_t>(v);
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ static JToken JsonSerialize(TObject v) {
         return std::get<bool>(v);
     if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(v))
         return std::get<std::string>(v);
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(v)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(v)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(v).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(v);
         auto ls = dynamic_cast<TList *>(obj);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ static TObject JsonDeserialize(GCList &ls2, JToken json) {
     if (TryGetJToken(json, str))
         return str;
     if (TryGetJToken(json, arr)) {
-        TList *ls = TList::Create(ls2);
+        TList *ls = ls2.Create<TList>();
 
         for (auto &item : arr) {
             auto itemRes = JsonDeserialize(ls2, item);
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ static TObject JsonDocDecode(GCList &ls2, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 std::string Json_Encode(TObject o, bool indent) {
     return Json::Encode(JsonSerialize(o), indent);
 }
-TObject Json_Decode(GCList ls, std::string str) {
+TObject Json_Decode(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
     return JsonDeserialize(ls, Json::Decode(str));
 }
 std::string Json_DocEncode(TObject o, bool indent) {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ std::string Json_DocEncode(TObject o, bool indent) {
         return Json::DocEncode(ls, indent);
     return "";
 }
-TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList ls, std::string str) {
+TObject Json_DocDecode(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
     return JsonDeserialize(ls, Json::DocDecode(str));
 }
 void TStd::RegisterJson(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {

src/runtime_methods/net.cpp

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ static std::shared_ptr<SMTPBody>
 TObjectToSMTPBody(GCList &ls, std::string mimeType, TObject obj) {
     std::shared_ptr<SMTPBody> body;
     std::string text;
-    TByteArray *ba;
+    TByteView *ba;
     std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> sho;
     if (GetObject(obj, text)) {
         body = std::make_shared<SMTPStringBody>(text, mimeType);
     } else if (GetObjectHeap(obj, ba)) {
         std::shared_ptr<MemoryStream> ms = std::make_shared<MemoryStream>(true);
-        ms->WriteBlock(ba->data.data(), ba->data.size());
+        ms->WriteBlock(ba->GetData(), ba->GetSize());
         ms->Seek(0L, SeekOrigin::Begin);
 
         body = std::make_shared<SMTPStreamBody>(mimeType, ms);
@@ -150,8 +150,48 @@ class THttpDictionary : public TNativeObject {
                     value);
             }
             return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOne") {
+            std::string key;
+            std::string value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) && dict->TryGetOnlyOne(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneBoolean") {
+            std::string key;
+            bool value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneBoolean(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneDouble") {
+            std::string key;
+            double value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneDouble(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneInt") {
+            std::string key;
+            int64_t value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneInt(key, value)) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else if (key == "TryGetOnlyOneDate") {
+            std::string key;
+            Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime value;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 0, key) &&
+                dict->TryGetOnlyOneDate(key, value)) {
+                return std::make_shared<Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime>(
+                    value);
+            }
+            return nullptr;
         } else if (key == "ToList") {
-            TList *_ls = TList::Create(ls);
+            TList *_ls = ls.Create<TList>();
             for (auto item : dict->kvp) {
                 for (auto i : item.second) {
                     auto d = TDictionary::Create(ls);
@@ -239,6 +279,9 @@ class TServerContext : public TNativeObjectThatReturnsHttpDictionary {
         else if (key == "getQueryParams")
             return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(ls, &ctx->queryParams,
                                                           this);
+        else if (key == "getBodyParams")
+            return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(ls, &ctx->bodyParams,
+                                                          this);
         else if (key == "getRequestHeaders")
             return TNativeObject::Create<THttpDictionary>(
                 ls, &ctx->requestHeaders, this);
@@ -291,7 +334,7 @@ class TServerContext : public TNativeObjectThatReturnsHttpDictionary {
                         return strm;
                     });
 
-                return TList::Create(ls, response.begin(), response.end());
+                return ls.Create<TList>(response.begin(), response.end());
             }
         } else if (key == "getNeedToParseFormData")
             return ctx->NeedToParseFormData();
@@ -780,18 +823,20 @@ static TObject Net_Http_ListenOnUnusedPort(GCList &ls,
 static TObject Net_Http_MimeType(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath p;
     if (GetArgumentAsPath(args, 0, p)) {
-        std::filesystem::path p2 = p.GetFileName();
+
-        return HttpUtils::MimeType(p2);
+        return HttpUtils::GetMimeTypePath(p);
     }
     return std::string("application/octet-stream");
 }
 class THttpRequestBody : public TNativeObject {
-    HttpRequestBody *body;
+    std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> body;
 
   public:
-    THttpRequestBody(HttpRequestBody *body) { this->body = body; }
+    THttpRequestBody(std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> body) {
+        this->body = body;
+    }
     bool IsClosed() { return body == nullptr; }
-    HttpRequestBody *GetBody() { return this->body; }
+    std::shared_ptr<HttpRequestBody> GetBody() { return this->body; }
 
     std::string TypeName() { return "Net.Http.HttpRequestBody"; }
 
@@ -799,10 +844,7 @@ class THttpRequestBody : public TNativeObject {
         return Undefined();
     }
 
-    void Close() {
+    void Close() { this->body = nullptr; }
-        delete this->body;
-        this->body = nullptr;
-    }
 };
 
 class THttpResponse : public TNativeObjectThatReturnsHttpDictionary {
@@ -907,7 +949,8 @@ static TObject Net_Http_MakeRequest(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
             _obj = options->GetValue("Body");
 
             if (GetObjectHeap(_obj, body1)) {
-                req.body = new TDictionaryHttpRequestBody(gc, body1);
+                req.body =
+                    std::make_shared<TDictionaryHttpRequestBody>(gc, body1);
             } else if (GetObjectHeap(_obj, body2) && !body2->IsClosed()) {
                 req.body = body2->GetBody();
             }
@@ -920,8 +963,6 @@ static TObject Net_Http_MakeRequest(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
         if (req.body != nullptr) {
             if (body2 != nullptr) {
                 body2->Close();
-            } else if (body1 != nullptr) {
-                delete req.body;
             }
         }
 
@@ -1073,7 +1114,7 @@ static TObject Net_Http_WebSocketClient(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, url) && GetArgumentHeap(args, 1, headers) &&
         GetArgumentHeap(args, 2, dict)) {
         GetArgumentHeap(args, 3, callable);
-        HttpDictionary hdict;
+        HttpDictionary hdict(false);
         for (int64_t index = 0; index < headers->Count(); index++) {
             _obj = headers->Get(index);
             TDictionary *dict;
@@ -1171,7 +1212,7 @@ static TObject Net_Http_WebSocketClient(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
         if (!GetObjectHeap(hobj, headers))
             return Undefined();
 
-        HttpDictionary hdict;
+        HttpDictionary hdict(false);
         for (int64_t index = 0; index < headers->Count(); index++) {
             _obj = headers->Get(index);
             TDictionary *dict;
@@ -1381,7 +1422,7 @@ static TObject New_StreamHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls,
 
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, strm) && GetArgument(args, 1, mimeType)) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls, new StreamHttpRequestBody(strm, mimeType));
+            ls, std::make_shared<StreamHttpRequestBody>(strm, mimeType));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1390,7 +1431,7 @@ static TObject New_TextHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     std::string mimeType;
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, text) && GetArgument(args, 1, mimeType)) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls, new TextHttpRequestBody(text, mimeType));
+            ls, std::make_shared<TextHttpRequestBody>(text, mimeType));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1398,8 +1439,8 @@ static TObject New_JsonHttpRequestBody(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 
     if (!args.empty()) {
         return TNativeObject::Create<THttpRequestBody>(
-            ls,
+            ls, std::make_shared<TextHttpRequestBody>(Json_Encode(args[0]),
-            new TextHttpRequestBody(Json_Encode(args[0]), "application/json"));
+                                                      "application/json"));
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1423,7 +1464,7 @@ void TStd::RegisterNet(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
                           "Create a text request body", {"text", "mimeType"},
                           New_TextHttpRequestBody);
     _new->DeclareFunction(gc, "JsonHttpRequestBody",
-                          "Create a text request body", {"json"},
+                          "Create a json request body", {"json"},
                           New_JsonHttpRequestBody);
     _new->DeclareFunction(
         gc, "HttpServer", "Create a http server (allows multiple)",
@@ -1540,7 +1581,7 @@ void TStd::RegisterNet(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
     dict->DeclareFunction(
         gc, "getIPAddresses", "Get the ip addresses of this machine", {"$ipv6"},
         [](GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) -> TObject {
-            TList *a = TList::Create(ls);
+            TList *a = ls.Create<TList>();
             bool ipv6 = false;
             GetArgument(args, 0, ipv6);
             ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();

src/runtime_methods/process.cpp

@@ -3,13 +3,9 @@
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 class ProcessObject : public TNativeObject {
   public:
-    ProcessObject() {
-        arguments = nullptr;
-        environment = nullptr;
-    }
     ProcessObject(GCList &ls) {
-        arguments = TList::Create(ls);
+        arguments = ls.Create<TList>();
-        environment = TList::Create(ls);
+        environment = ls.Create<TList>();
         process.includeThisEnv = true;
         process.redirectStdIn = false;
 
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ static TObject Process_Start(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args,
     TDictionary *dict;
 
     if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, dict)) {
-        auto process = TNativeObject::Create<ProcessObject>(ls);
+        auto process = TNativeObject::Create<ProcessObject>(ls, ls);
         auto name = dict->GetValue("FileName");
         auto inh = dict->GetValue("InheritParentEnvironment");
         auto rStdIn = dict->GetValue("RedirectStandardInput");

src/runtime_methods/sqlite.cpp

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class SQLiteObject : public TNativeObject {
 
                 this->db->Exec(arg, res);
 
-                TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+                TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
 
                 for (auto &item : res) {
                     TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);

src/runtime_methods/std.cpp

@@ -6,28 +6,17 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <variant>
 #include <vector>
+
 #if !defined(CROSSLANG_STATIC)
 #if defined(CROSSLANG_ENABLE_FFI)
 #include <ffi.h>
 #endif
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
-#include <windows.h>
-
-#include <time.h>
-#undef min
-#undef max
-#else
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 #else
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
-#include <windows.h>
-
-#include <time.h>
-#undef min
-#undef max
-#else
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 #endif
@@ -70,15 +59,18 @@ class DL {
         Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::LocalFilesystem lfs;
         std::string str = lfs.VFSPathToSystem(p);
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-        handle =
+
-            LoadLibraryExA(str.c_str(), NULL, LOAD_WITH_ALTERED_SEARCH_PATH);
+        throw std::runtime_error("I removed support on this platform");
+        // handle =LoadLibraryExA(str.c_str(), NULL,
+        // LOAD_WITH_ALTERED_SEARCH_PATH);
 #else
         handle = dlopen(str.c_str(), RTLD_LAZY);
 #endif
     }
     template <typename T> T Resolve(std::string name) {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-        return (T)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)handle, name.c_str());
+        throw std::runtime_error("I removed support on this platform");
+        // return (T)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)handle, name.c_str());
 #else
         return (T)dlsym(handle, name.c_str());
 
@@ -86,7 +78,9 @@ class DL {
     }
     ~DL() {
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-        FreeLibrary((HMODULE)handle);
+
+        throw std::runtime_error("I removed support on this platform");
+        // FreeLibrary((HMODULE)handle);
 #else
         dlclose(handle);
 #endif
@@ -149,8 +143,8 @@ ffi_tmp_type_t FFI_ConvertTObjectToFFIType(TObject &arg, std::string t) {
             return (ffi_tmp_type_t){
                 .v_ptr = (void *)std::get<std::string>(arg).c_str()};
         }
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(arg)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(arg)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(arg).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(arg);
         auto bA = dynamic_cast<TByteArray *>(obj);
         auto nat = dynamic_cast<TNative *>(obj);
         if (bA != nullptr) {
@@ -441,13 +435,7 @@ static TObject TypeIsClass(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 static TObject TypeIsDefined(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (args.empty())
         return nullptr;
-    return (!std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(args[0]) &&
+    return (!IsNull(args[0]) && !std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(args[0]));
-            !std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(args[0]));
-}
-static TObject TypeIsHeap(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    if (args.empty())
-        return nullptr;
-    return std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(args[0]);
 }
 static TObject TypeIsNumber(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (args.empty())
@@ -674,7 +662,7 @@ std::string GetObjectTypeString(TObject _obj) {
         return "Regex";
     if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(_obj))
         return "Undefined";
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(_obj))
+    if (IsNull(_obj))
         return "Null";
     if (std::holds_alternative<bool>(_obj))
         return "Boolean";
@@ -826,8 +814,8 @@ std::string GetObjectTypeString(TObject _obj) {
         }
         return "VFS";
     }
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(_obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(_obj)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(_obj).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(_obj);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
 
@@ -1004,11 +992,7 @@ static TObject YieldEnumerableFunc(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 static TObject DateTime_Sleep(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     int64_t msec;
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, msec)) {
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+        Tesses::Framework::TF_Sleep(msec);
-        Sleep((int)msec);
-#else
-        usleep(1000 * msec);
-#endif
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
@@ -1390,10 +1374,7 @@ void TStd::RegisterRoot(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
     env->DeclareFunction(gc, "TypeIsDefined",
                          "Get whether object is not null or undefined",
                          {"object"}, TypeIsDefined);
-    env->DeclareFunction(
+
-        gc, "TypeIsHeap",
-        "Get whether object is susceptible to garbage collection", {"object"},
-        TypeIsHeap);
     env->DeclareFunction(gc, "TypeIsNumber", "Get whether object is a number",
                          {"object"}, TypeIsNumber);
     env->DeclareFunction(gc, "TypeIsLong",
@@ -1465,9 +1446,9 @@ void TStd::RegisterRoot(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TRootEnvironment *env) {
         gc, "Thread", "Create thread", {"callback"},
         [](GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) -> TObject {
             if (args.size() == 1 &&
-                std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(args[0])) {
+                std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(args[0])) {
-                auto cb = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(
+                auto cb =
-                    std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(args[0]).obj);
+                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(args[0]));
                 if (cb != nullptr) {
                     return CreateThread(ls, cb, false);
                 }
@@ -1587,7 +1568,7 @@ void TStd::RegisterStd(
     RegisterCrypto(gc, env);
     RegisterOGC(gc, env);
     RegisterProcess(gc, env);
-    RegisterClass(gc, env);
+    RegisterZeClass(gc, env);
 
     gc->RegisterEverything(env);
 
@@ -1613,7 +1594,13 @@ void TStd::RegisterStd(
     gc_dict->DeclareFunction(
         gc, "Collect", "Collect garbage", {},
         [](GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) -> TObject {
-            ls.GetGC()->Collect();
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
+            ls.GetGC()->Collect(to_delete);
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
+
+            for (auto item : to_delete)
+                delete item;
             return nullptr;
         });
     gc_dict->DeclareFunction(

src/runtime_methods/vm.cpp

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static TObject AstToTObject(GCList &ls, SyntaxNode node) {
         ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
         r->SetValue("Type", asn.nodeName);
         r->SetValue("IsExpression", asn.isExpression);
-        TList *ls2 = TList::Create(ls);
+        TList *ls2 = ls.Create<TList>();
         for (auto item : asn.nodes) {
             ls2->Add(AstToTObject(ls, item));
         }
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ static TObject VM_SourceToAst(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
 static TObject VM_Eval(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     std::string str;
     if (GetArgument(args, 0, str)) {
+
+        auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
         if (current_function != nullptr) {
             return current_function->env->Eval(ls, str);
         }
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ static TObject Success(GCList &ls) {
 }
 static TObject VM_getCurrentEnvironment(GCList &ls2,
                                         std::vector<TObject> args) {
+
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (current_function != nullptr)
         return current_function->env;
     return Undefined();
@@ -261,9 +265,10 @@ static TObject VM_Compile(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     }
 }
 static TObject VM_GetStacktrace(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (current_function != nullptr) {
         if (current_function->thread != nullptr) {
-            TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+            TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
             ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
             for (auto item : current_function->thread->call_stack_entries) {
                 auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);

src/types/any.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,8 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
-TAny *TAny::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TAny *TAny::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TAny>(); }
-    TAny *anyObj = new TAny();
+TAny *TAny::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TAny>(); }
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(anyObj);
-    gc->Watch(anyObj);
-    return anyObj;
-}
-TAny *TAny::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TAny *anyObj = new TAny();
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(anyObj);
-    gc->Watch(anyObj);
-    return anyObj;
-}
 void TAny::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;

src/types/associativearray.cpp

@@ -3,18 +3,10 @@
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
 TAssociativeArray *TAssociativeArray::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    TAssociativeArray *list = new TAssociativeArray();
+    return ls.Create<TAssociativeArray>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 TAssociativeArray *TAssociativeArray::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TAssociativeArray *list = new TAssociativeArray();
+    return ls->Create<TAssociativeArray>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 void TAssociativeArray::Set(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject key,
                             TObject value) {

src/types/byteviews/byteview.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+std::string TByteView::TypeName() { return "ByteView"; }
+TString *TByteView::ToString(GCList &ls) {
+    auto bounds = GetBounds();
+    if (bounds.first == nullptr || bounds.second == 0)
+        return ls.FromString("");
+
+    return ls.Create<TString>(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(bounds.first),
+                              bounds.second);
+}
+bool TByteView::opExecuteMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                                const std::string &name,
+                                const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+    if (name == "Slice") {
+        int64_t offset = 0;
+        int64_t length = -1;
+
+        GetArgument(args, 0, offset);
+        GetArgument(args, 1, length);
+
+        GCList ls(gc);
+
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+            gc, ls.Create<TSpan>(this, offset, length));
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (name == "Count" || name == "Length") {
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+            gc, static_cast<int64_t>(this->GetBounds().second));
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (name == "GetAt") {
+        int64_t i64;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, i64)) {
+            auto res = this->GetAt(static_cast<size_t>(i64));
+
+            thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+                gc, res == -1 ? static_cast<TObject>(nullptr)
+                              : static_cast<TObject>(res));
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TByteView::opGetField(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                           const std::string &name) {
+    if (name == "Count" || name == "Length") {
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+            gc, static_cast<int64_t>(this->GetBounds().second));
+        return false;
+    }
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+void TByteView::CopyTo(TMutByteView *view) {
+    auto myBounds = this->GetBounds();
+    if (myBounds.first == nullptr || myBounds.second == 0)
+        return;
+    auto theirBounds = view->GetMutableBoundsConstrained(0, myBounds.second);
+
+    if (theirBounds.first == nullptr || theirBounds.second == 0)
+        return;
+
+    memcpy(theirBounds.first, myBounds.first, theirBounds.second);
+}
+void TByteView::CopyTo(TMutByteView *view, size_t srcOffset, size_t destOffset,
+                       size_t length) {
+    auto myBounds = this->GetBoundsConstrained(srcOffset, length);
+    if (myBounds.first == nullptr || myBounds.second == 0)
+        return;
+    auto theirBounds =
+        view->GetMutableBoundsConstrained(destOffset, myBounds.second);
+
+    if (theirBounds.first == nullptr || theirBounds.second == 0)
+        return;
+
+    memcpy(theirBounds.first, myBounds.first, theirBounds.second);
+}
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/byteviews/resource.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TResource::TResource(std::vector<uint8_t> &&bytes) : bytes(std::move(bytes)) {}
+std::pair<const uint8_t *, size_t> TResource::GetBounds() const {
+    return std::pair<const uint8_t *, size_t>(bytes.data(), bytes.size());
+}
+
+std::string TResource::TypeName() { return "Resource"; }
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/byteviews/string.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+
+TString::TString() {}
+TString::TString(std::string_view str) : text(str) {}
+TString::TString(const char *text, size_t len) : text(text, len) {}
+TString::TString(std::string_view left, std::string_view right) {
+    text.reserve(left.size() + right.size());
+    text.append(left.begin(), left.end());
+    text.append(right.begin(), right.end());
+}
+TString::TString(std::string &&str) : text(std::move(str)) {}
+
+const std::string &TString::GetString() const { return this->text; }
+
+std::pair<const uint8_t *, size_t> TString::GetBounds() const {
+    return std::pair<const uint8_t *, size_t>(
+        reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(text.data()), text.size());
+}
+
+std::string TString::TypeName() { return "String"; }
+
+TString *TString::ToString(GCList &ls) {
+    ls.Add(this);
+    return this;
+}
+
+bool TString::opAdd(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                    TObject rhs) {
+    TString *rStr;
+    char rChr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+        GCList ls(gc);
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+            gc, ls.Create<TString>(this->GetString(), rStr->GetString()));
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (GetObject(rhs, rChr)) {
+        GCList ls(gc);
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(
+            gc,
+            ls.Create<TString>(this->GetString(), std::string_view(&rChr, 1)));
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::opLessThan(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                         TObject rhs) {
+
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, this->GetString() <
+                                                      rStr->GetString());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::opGreaterThan(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                            TObject rhs) {
+
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, this->GetString() >
+                                                      rStr->GetString());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::opLessThanEqual(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                              TObject rhs) {
+
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, this->GetString() <=
+                                                      rStr->GetString());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::opGreaterThanEqual(InterperterThread *thrd,
+                                 std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject rhs) {
+
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+
+        thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, this->GetString() >=
+                                                      rStr->GetString());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    thrd->call_stack_entries.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::IsEqualTo(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject rhs) {
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+        if (this == rStr)
+            return true;
+        return this->GetString() == rStr->GetString();
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+bool TString::IsNotEqualTo(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject rhs) {
+    TString *rStr;
+    if (GetObjectHeap(rhs, rStr)) {
+        if (this == rStr)
+            return false;
+        return this->GetString() != rStr->GetString();
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/classenvironment.cpp

@@ -9,22 +9,12 @@ bool TClassEnvironment::HasConstForSet(std::string key) {
 TClassEnvironment *TClassEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                              TClassObject *obj) {
 
-    TClassEnvironment *env2 = new TClassEnvironment(env, obj);
+    return gc->Create<TClassEnvironment>(env, obj);
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(env2);
-    _gc->Watch(env2);
-    return env2;
 }
 TClassEnvironment *TClassEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                              TClassObject *obj) {
 
-    TClassEnvironment *env2 = new TClassEnvironment(env, obj);
+    return gc.Create<TClassEnvironment>(env, obj);
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(env2);
-    _gc->Watch(env2);
-    return env2;
 }
 TClassEnvironment::TClassEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TClassObject *obj) {
     this->env = env;
@@ -33,6 +23,7 @@ TClassEnvironment::TClassEnvironment(TEnvironment *env, TClassObject *obj) {
 bool TClassEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return true;
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     if (this->clsObj->HasValue(current_function == nullptr
                                    ? ""
                                    : current_function->callable->className,
@@ -49,6 +40,8 @@ bool TClassEnvironment::HasVariableOrFieldRecurse(std::string key,
                                                   bool setting) {
     if (key == "this")
         return true;
+
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -63,6 +56,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::GetVariable(std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -75,6 +69,7 @@ void TClassEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     if (key == "this")
         return;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -90,6 +85,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::GetVariable(GCList &ls, std::string key) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;
@@ -107,6 +103,7 @@ TObject TClassEnvironment::SetVariable(GCList &ls, std::string key, TObject v) {
     if (key == "this")
         return this->clsObj;
 
+    auto current_function = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     std::string clsName = current_function == nullptr
                               ? ""
                               : current_function->callable->className;

src/types/closure.cpp

@@ -1,27 +1,18 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TArgWrapper::TArgWrapper(TCallable *callable) : callable(callable) {}
 TArgWrapper *TArgWrapper::Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TArgWrapper *argWrapper = new TArgWrapper();
+    return ls.Create<TArgWrapper>(callable);
-    argWrapper->callable = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(argWrapper);
-    gc->Watch(argWrapper);
-    return argWrapper;
 }
 TArgWrapper *TArgWrapper::Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TArgWrapper *argWrapper = new TArgWrapper();
+    return ls->Create<TArgWrapper>(callable);
-    argWrapper->callable = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(argWrapper);
-    gc->Watch(argWrapper);
-    return argWrapper;
 }
 TObject TArgWrapper::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
-    TList *argList = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *argList = ls.Create<TList>();
     argList->items = args;
     TObject v = this->callable->Call(ls, {argList});
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
     return v;
 }
 void TArgWrapper::Mark() {
@@ -46,52 +37,39 @@ void TClosure::Mark() {
     this->closure->Mark();
     GC::Mark(this->tag);
 }
-TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList &ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
+TClosure::TClosure(TEnvironment *env, TFile *file, uint32_t chunkId,
-                           uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
+                   bool ownScope) {
-    TClosure *closure = new TClosure();
+    this->className = "";
-    closure->className = "";
+    this->ownScope = ownScope;
-    closure->ownScope = ownScope;
+
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
+    this->chunkId = chunkId;
-    ls.Add(closure);
+
-    _gc->Watch(closure);
-    closure->chunkId = chunkId;
     if (chunkId < file->chunks.size())
-        closure->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
+        this->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
     else
         throw VMException("ChunkId out of bounds.");
-    closure->env = env;
+    this->env = env;
-    closure->file = file;
+    this->file = file;
-
+}
-    return closure;
+TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList &ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
+                           uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
+    return ls.Create<TClosure>(env, file, chunkId, ownScope);
 }
 TClosure *TClosure::Create(GCList *ls, TEnvironment *env, TFile *file,
                            uint32_t chunkId, bool ownScope) {
-    TClosure *closure = new TClosure();
+    return ls->Create<TClosure>(env, file, chunkId, ownScope);
-    closure->className = "";
-    closure->ownScope = ownScope;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(closure);
-    _gc->Watch(closure);
-    closure->chunkId = chunkId;
-    if (chunkId < file->chunks.size())
-        closure->closure = file->chunks[chunkId];
-    else
-        throw VMException("ChunkId out of bounds.");
-    closure->env = env;
-    closure->file = file;
-
-    return closure;
 }
 
 TObject TClosure::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     InterperterThread *thrd = InterperterThread::Create(ls);
     thrd->AddCallStackEntry(ls, this, args);
 
     thrd->Execute(ls.GetGC());
 
     TObject v = thrd->call_stack_entries[0]->Pop(ls);
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
+    // current_function = cse;
     return v;
 }
 } // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/dictionary.cpp

@@ -1,24 +1,15 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TDynamicDictionary::TDynamicDictionary(TCallable *callable) : cb(callable) {}
 TDynamicDictionary *TDynamicDictionary::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                TCallable *callable) {
 
-    TDynamicDictionary *dict = new TDynamicDictionary();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicDictionary>(callable);
-    dict->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 TDynamicDictionary *TDynamicDictionary::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicDictionary *dict = new TDynamicDictionary();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicDictionary>(callable);
-    dict->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 
 void TDynamicDictionary::Mark() {
@@ -54,7 +45,7 @@ TObject TDynamicDictionary::CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string name,
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     dict->SetValue("Type", "CallMethod");
     dict->SetValue("Name", name);
-    auto argVal = TList::Create(ls);
+    auto argVal = ls.Create<TList>();
     argVal->items = args;
     dict->SetValue("Arguments", argVal);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
@@ -165,8 +156,9 @@ void TDictionary::DeclareFunction(
 TObject TDictionary::GetValue(std::string key) {
     if (this->items.empty())
         return Undefined();
-    if (this->items.count(key) > 0)
+    auto item = this->items.find(key);
-        return this->items[key];
+    if (item != this->items.end())
+        return item->second;
     return Undefined();
 }
 void TDictionary::SetValue(std::string key, TObject value) {
@@ -189,18 +181,10 @@ void TDictionary::Mark() {
     }
 }
 TDictionary *TDictionary::Create(GCList *gc) {
-    TDictionary *dict = new TDictionary();
+    return gc->Create<TDictionary>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 TDictionary *TDictionary::Create(GCList &gc) {
-    TDictionary *dict = new TDictionary();
+    return gc.Create<TDictionary>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(dict);
-    _gc->Watch(dict);
-    return dict;
 }
 
 }; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/exception.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+
+TException::TException(std::string message, std::string type,
+                       TDictionary *extraFields, TObject innerException)
+    : message(message), type(type), extraFields(extraFields),
+      innerException(innerException) {}
+TObject TException::CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key,
+                               std::vector<TObject> args) {
+
+    if (key == "getMessage" ||
+        key == "getText") // Text is for compatibility reasons
+        return this->message;
+    if (key == "getInnerException")
+        return this->innerException;
+    if (key == "getType")
+        return this->type;
+    if (key == "getLine")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->line.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getOffset")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->offset.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getColumn")
+        return static_cast<int64_t>(this->column.value_or(0));
+    if (key == "getFileName")
+        return this->filename.value_or("");
+
+    if (key == "setLine") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->line && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->line = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setColumn") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->column && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->column = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setOffset") {
+        int64_t v;
+        if (!this->offset && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(v);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (key == "setFileName") {
+        std::string v;
+        if (!this->filename && GetArgument(args, 0, v))
+            this->filename = v;
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+
+    if (key == "ToString") {
+        std::string text;
+        text.reserve(this->type.size() + this->message.size() + 3);
+        text.append(this->type);
+        text.append(": ");
+        text.append(this->message);
+        text.push_back('\n');
+        if (this->filename) {
+            auto &filename = *this->filename;
+            text.reserve(text.size() + filename.size() + 4);
+            text.append("At: ");
+            text.append(filename);
+
+            if (this->line) {
+                text.push_back(':');
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->line));
+                if (this->column) {
+
+                    text.push_back(':');
+                    text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                }
+            }
+            text.push_back('\n');
+
+            if (!this->line && this->column) {
+                text.append("Column: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (this->line) {
+                text.append("Line: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->line));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+            if (this->column) {
+                text.append("Column: ");
+                text.append(std::to_string(*this->column));
+                text.push_back('\n');
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (this->offset) {
+            text.append("Offset: ");
+            text.append(std::to_string(*this->offset));
+            text.push_back('\n');
+        }
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(this->innerException)) {
+            text.append("InnerException:");
+
+            std::string textInner = ToString(ls.GetGC(), this->innerException);
+
+            for (auto item : Tesses::Framework::Http::HttpUtils::SplitString(
+                     textInner, "\n")) {
+                if (item.empty()) {
+                    text.push_back('\n');
+                    continue;
+                }
+                text.append("\n\t");
+                text.append(item);
+            }
+        }
+        return text;
+    }
+    if (extraFields != nullptr) {
+        GCList ls2(ls.GetGC());
+        if (extraFields->MethodExists(ls2, key)) {
+            return extraFields->CallMethod(ls, key, args);
+        }
+
+        if (key.size() > 3 && key[0] == 'g' && key[1] == 'e' && key[2] == 't') {
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
+            auto val = extraFields->GetValue(key.substr(3));
+            ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::string TException::TypeName() { return this->type; }
+bool TException::ToBool() { return true; }
+void TException::Mark() {
+    if (marked)
+        return;
+    marked = true;
+
+    if (this->extraFields)
+        this->extraFields->Mark();
+
+    GC::Mark(this->innerException);
+}
+
+TNativeException::TNativeException(const char *what, std::exception_ptr ptr)
+    : what(what != nullptr ? what : ""), ptr(ptr) {}
+TObject TNativeException::CallMethod(GCList &ls, std::string key,
+                                     std::vector<TObject> args) {
+    if (key == "getMessage" || key == "getText")
+        return this->what;
+    if (key == "getType")
+        return "NativeException";
+
+    if (key == "ToString") {
+        return "NativeException: " + this->what;
+    }
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::string TNativeException::TypeName() { return "NativeException"; }
+std::string TNativeException::What() { return this->what; }
+std::exception_ptr TNativeException::GetPointer() { return this->ptr; }
+void TNativeException::ThrowIt() { std::rethrow_exception(this->ptr); }
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/externalmethod.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 TExternalMethod::TExternalMethod(
-    std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
+    std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
 
     this->cb = cb;
@@ -14,43 +14,24 @@ TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList &ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
-    auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+    return ls.Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb, destroy);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, destroy);
-    ls.Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList *ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb,
     std::function<void()> destroy) {
-    auto gc = ls->GetGC();
+    return ls->Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb, destroy);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, destroy);
-    ls->Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList &ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb) {
-    auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+    return ls.Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb);
-    TExternalMethod *method =
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, []() -> void {});
-    ls.Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TExternalMethod *TExternalMethod::Create(
     GCList *ls, std::string documentation, std::vector<std::string> argNames,
     std::function<TObject(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args)> cb) {
-    auto gc = ls->GetGC();
+
-    TExternalMethod *method =
+    return ls->Create<TExternalMethod>(documentation, argNames, cb);
-        new TExternalMethod(cb, documentation, argNames, []() -> void {});
-    ls->Add(method);
-    gc->Watch(method);
-    return method;
 }
 TObject TExternalMethod::Call(GCList &ls, std::vector<TObject> args) {
     if (cb == nullptr)

src/types/ittr.cpp

@@ -44,28 +44,15 @@ void TYieldEnumerator::Mark() {
     GC::Mark(this->current);
     GC::Mark(this->enumerator);
 }
-TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TObject v) {
-    TYieldEnumerator *yieldEnum = new TYieldEnumerator();
-    yieldEnum->current = nullptr;
-    yieldEnum->hasStarted = false;
-    yieldEnum->enumerator = v;
 
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
+TYieldEnumerator::TYieldEnumerator(TObject v)
-    ls.Add(yieldEnum);
+    : current(nullptr), hasStarted(false), enumerator(v) {}
-    _gc->Watch(yieldEnum);
+
-    return yieldEnum;
+TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TObject v) {
+    return ls.Create<TYieldEnumerator>(v);
 }
 TYieldEnumerator *TYieldEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TObject v) {
-
+    return ls->Create<TYieldEnumerator>(v);
-    TYieldEnumerator *yieldEnum = new TYieldEnumerator();
-    yieldEnum->current = nullptr;
-    yieldEnum->hasStarted = false;
-    yieldEnum->enumerator = v;
-
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(yieldEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(yieldEnum);
-    return yieldEnum;
 }
 
 bool TCustomEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
@@ -97,21 +84,12 @@ void TCustomEnumerator::Mark() {
         return;
     this->dict->Mark();
 }
+TCustomEnumerator::TCustomEnumerator(TDictionary *dict) : dict(dict) {}
 TCustomEnumerator *TCustomEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TCustomEnumerator *customEnum = new TCustomEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TCustomEnumerator>(dict);
-    customEnum->dict = dict;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(customEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(customEnum);
-    return customEnum;
 }
 TCustomEnumerator *TCustomEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TCustomEnumerator *customEnum = new TCustomEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TCustomEnumerator>(dict);
-    customEnum->dict = dict;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(customEnum);
-    _gc->Watch(customEnum);
-    return customEnum;
 }
 TEnumerator *TEnumerator::CreateFromObject(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     std::string str;
@@ -141,23 +119,16 @@ TEnumerator *TEnumerator::CreateFromObject(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
+TVFSPathEnumerator::TVFSPathEnumerator(
+    Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator)
+    : enumerator(enumerator) {}
 TVFSPathEnumerator *TVFSPathEnumerator::Create(
     GCList &ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator) {
-    TVFSPathEnumerator *vfspathe = new TVFSPathEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TVFSPathEnumerator>(enumerator);
-    vfspathe->enumerator = enumerator;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(vfspathe);
-    _gc->Watch(vfspathe);
-    return vfspathe;
 }
 TVFSPathEnumerator *TVFSPathEnumerator::Create(
     GCList *ls, Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPathEnumerator enumerator) {
-    TVFSPathEnumerator *vfspathe = new TVFSPathEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TVFSPathEnumerator>(enumerator);
-    vfspathe->enumerator = enumerator;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(vfspathe);
-    _gc->Watch(vfspathe);
-    return vfspathe;
 }
 bool TVFSPathEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     return enumerator.MoveNext();
@@ -165,25 +136,15 @@ bool TVFSPathEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
 TObject TVFSPathEnumerator::GetCurrent(GCList &ls) {
     return enumerator.Current;
 }
+TDictionaryEnumerator::TDictionaryEnumerator(TDictionary *dict)
+    : dict(dict), hasStarted(false) {}
 TDictionaryEnumerator *TDictionaryEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                      TDictionary *dict) {
-    TDictionaryEnumerator *dicte = new TDictionaryEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TDictionaryEnumerator>(dict);
-    dicte->dict = dict;
-    dicte->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(dicte);
-    _gc->Watch(dicte);
-    return dicte;
 }
 TDictionaryEnumerator *TDictionaryEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                      TDictionary *dict) {
-    TDictionaryEnumerator *dicte = new TDictionaryEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TDictionaryEnumerator>(dict);
-    dicte->dict = dict;
-    dicte->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(dicte);
-    _gc->Watch(dicte);
-    return dicte;
 }
 
 bool TDictionaryEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
@@ -217,24 +178,13 @@ void TDictionaryEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->dict->Mark();
 }
+TListEnumerator::TListEnumerator(TList *list) : ls(list), index(-1) {}
 
 TListEnumerator *TListEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TList *list) {
-    TListEnumerator *liste = new TListEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TListEnumerator *TListEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TList *list) {
-    TListEnumerator *liste = new TListEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TListEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -260,25 +210,17 @@ void TListEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
 
+TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::TAssociativeArrayEnumerator(
+    TAssociativeArray *list)
+    : ls(list), index(-1) {}
+
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, TAssociativeArray *list) {
-    TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *liste = new TAssociativeArrayEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TAssociativeArrayEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *
 TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, TAssociativeArray *list) {
-    TAssociativeArrayEnumerator *liste = new TAssociativeArrayEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TAssociativeArrayEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -305,26 +247,16 @@ void TAssociativeArrayEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
+TDynamicListEnumerator::TDynamicListEnumerator(TDynamicList *list)
+    : ls(list), index(-1) {}
 
 TDynamicListEnumerator *TDynamicListEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls,
                                                        TDynamicList *list) {
-    TDynamicListEnumerator *liste = new TDynamicListEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 TDynamicListEnumerator *TDynamicListEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls,
                                                        TDynamicList *list) {
-    TDynamicListEnumerator *liste = new TDynamicListEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicListEnumerator>(list);
-    liste->ls = list;
-    liste->index = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(liste);
-    _gc->Watch(liste);
-    return liste;
 }
 bool TDynamicListEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     this->index++;
@@ -351,24 +283,13 @@ void TDynamicListEnumerator::Mark() {
     this->marked = true;
     this->ls->Mark();
 }
-
+TStringEnumerator::TStringEnumerator(std::string str)
+    : str(str), hasStarted(false) {}
 TStringEnumerator *TStringEnumerator::Create(GCList &ls, std::string str) {
-    TStringEnumerator *stre = new TStringEnumerator();
+    return ls.Create<TStringEnumerator>(str);
-    stre->str = str;
-    stre->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(stre);
-    _gc->Watch(stre);
-    return stre;
 }
 TStringEnumerator *TStringEnumerator::Create(GCList *ls, std::string str) {
-    TStringEnumerator *stre = new TStringEnumerator();
+    return ls->Create<TStringEnumerator>(str);
-    stre->str = str;
-    stre->hasStarted = false;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(stre);
-    _gc->Watch(stre);
-    return stre;
 }
 bool TStringEnumerator::MoveNext(std::shared_ptr<GC> ls) {
     if (!this->hasStarted) {

src/types/list.cpp

@@ -1,20 +1,11 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TDynamicList::TDynamicList(TCallable *callable) : cb(callable) {}
 TDynamicList *TDynamicList::Create(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicList *list = new TDynamicList();
+    return ls.Create<TDynamicList>(callable);
-    list->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 TDynamicList *TDynamicList::Create(GCList *ls, TCallable *callable) {
-    TDynamicList *list = new TDynamicList();
+    return ls->Create<TDynamicList>(callable);
-    list->cb = callable;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
 }
 
 void TDynamicList::Mark() {
@@ -28,7 +19,7 @@ int64_t TDynamicList::Count(GCList &ls) {
 
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "Count");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("Count"));
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
     auto res = cb->Call(ls, {dict});
     int64_t n;
@@ -40,7 +31,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::Add(GCList &ls, TObject v) {
 
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "Add");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("Add"));
     dict->SetValue("Value", v);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
     return cb->Call(ls, {dict});
@@ -49,7 +40,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::Insert(GCList &ls, int64_t index, TObject v) {
 
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "Insert");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("Insert"));
     dict->SetValue("Index", index);
     dict->SetValue("Value", v);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
@@ -58,14 +49,14 @@ TObject TDynamicList::Insert(GCList &ls, int64_t index, TObject v) {
 TObject TDynamicList::Clear(GCList &ls) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "Clear");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("Clear"));
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
     return cb->Call(ls, {dict});
 }
 TObject TDynamicList::Remove(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "Remove");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("Remove"));
     dict->SetValue("Value", obj);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
 
@@ -74,7 +65,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::Remove(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
 TObject TDynamicList::RemoveAllEqual(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "RemoveAllEqual");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("RemoveAllEqual"));
     dict->SetValue("Value", obj);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
 
@@ -83,7 +74,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::RemoveAllEqual(GCList &ls, TObject obj) {
 TObject TDynamicList::RemoveAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "RemoveAt");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("RemoveAt"));
     dict->SetValue("Index", index);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
 
@@ -92,7 +83,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::RemoveAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index) {
 TObject TDynamicList::ToString(GCList &ls) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "ToString");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("ToString"));
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
 
     return cb->Call(ls, {dict});
@@ -102,7 +93,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::GetAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index) {
 
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "GetAt");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("GetAt"));
     dict->SetValue("Index", index);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
     return cb->Call(ls, {dict});
@@ -111,7 +102,7 @@ TObject TDynamicList::GetAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index) {
 TObject TDynamicList::SetAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index, TObject val) {
     auto dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
-    dict->SetValue("Type", "SetAt");
+    dict->SetValue("Type", ls.FromString("SetAt"));
     dict->SetValue("Index", index);
     dict->SetValue("Value", val);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
@@ -120,35 +111,10 @@ TObject TDynamicList::SetAt(GCList &ls, int64_t index, TObject val) {
 
 TDynamicList::~TDynamicList() {}
 
-TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TByteArray>(); }
-    TByteArray *arr = new TByteArray();
+
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
+TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TByteArray>(); }
-    ls.Add(arr);
-    _gc->Watch(arr);
-    return arr;
-}
 
-TByteArray *TByteArray::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TByteArray *arr = new TByteArray();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(arr);
-    _gc->Watch(arr);
-    return arr;
-}
-TList *TList::Create(GCList *gc) {
-    TList *list = new TList();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
-}
-TList *TList::Create(GCList &gc) {
-    TList *list = new TList();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(list);
-    _gc->Watch(list);
-    return list;
-}
 void TList::Add(TObject value) { this->items.push_back(value); }
 void TList::Set(int64_t index, TObject value) {
     if (index >= 0 && index < this->Count()) {
@@ -161,7 +127,7 @@ TObject TList::Get(int64_t index) {
     }
     return Undefined();
 }
-int64_t TList::Count() { return (int64_t)this->items.size(); }
+int64_t TList::Count() { return this->items.size(); }
 void TList::Insert(int64_t index, TObject value) {
     if (index >= 0 && index <= this->Count()) {
         this->items.insert(this->items.begin() + index, value);
@@ -181,4 +147,201 @@ void TList::Mark() {
         GC::Mark(item);
     }
 }
+std::string TList::TypeName() { return "List"; }
+bool TList::opGetField(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                       const std::string &name) {
+    auto &cse = thrd->call_stack_entries;
+    if (name == "Count" || name == "Length") {
+        int64_t len = this->Count();
+        if (len < 0)
+            len = 0;
+
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, len);
+        return false;
+    }
+    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+bool TList::opExecuteMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
+                            const std::string &name,
+                            const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+
+    auto &cse = thrd->call_stack_entries;
+    GCList ls(gc);
+
+    if (name == "GetEnumerator") {
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, ls.Create<TListEnumerator>(this));
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "ToString") {
+
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Json_Encode(this));
+        return false;
+
+    } else if (name == "Insert") {
+        if (args.size() != 2) {
+            throw VMException("List.Insert must only accept two arguments");
+        }
+        int64_t index;
+
+        if (!GetArgument(args, 0, index)) {
+            throw VMException("List.Insert first argument must be Long");
+        }
+
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        this->Insert(index, args[1]);
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "Add") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.Add must only accept one argument");
+        }
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        this->Add(args[0]);
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "Contains") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.Contains must only accept one argument");
+        }
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        for (int64_t i = 0; i < this->Count(); i++) {
+            auto item = this->Get(i);
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+            if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
+                cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
+                return false;
+            }
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
+        }
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, false);
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "IndexOf") {
+        // IndexOf(obj, $idx)
+        if (args.size() < 1 || args.size() > 2) {
+            throw VMException("List.IndexOf must either have one "
+                              "or two arguments");
+        }
+
+        int64_t i = 0;
+
+        GetArgument(args, 1, i);
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        for (; i < this->Count(); i++) {
+            auto item = this->Get(i);
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+            if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
+
+                cse.back()->Push(gc, i);
+                return false;
+            }
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
+        }
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)-1);
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "RemoveAllEqual") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.RemoveAllEqual must only "
+                              "accept one argument");
+        }
+
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        for (int64_t i = 0; i < this->Count(); i++) {
+            auto item = this->Get(i);
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+            if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
+                this->RemoveAt(i);
+                i--;
+            } else
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
+        }
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "Remove") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.Remove must only accept one argument");
+        }
+
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        for (int64_t i = 0; i < this->Count(); i++) {
+            auto item = this->Get(i);
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+            if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
+                this->RemoveAt(i);
+                gc->BarrierEnd();
+                break;
+            }
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
+        }
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "RemoveAt") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.RemoveAt must only accept one argument");
+        }
+
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
+            throw VMException("List.RemoveAt must only accept a long");
+        }
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        this->RemoveAt(std::get<int64_t>(args[0]));
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "Clear") {
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        this->Clear();
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+        return false;
+    } else if (name == "GetAt") {
+        if (args.size() != 1) {
+            throw VMException("List.GetAt must only accept one argument");
+        }
+
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
+            throw VMException("List.GetAt must only accept a long");
+        }
+
+        int64_t index = std::get<int64_t>(args[0]);
+        if (index >= 0 && index < this->Count()) {
+            cse.back()->Push(gc, this->Get(index));
+            return false;
+        }
+
+    } else if (name == "SetAt") {
+        if (args.size() != 2) {
+            throw VMException("List.SetAt must only accept two arguments");
+        }
+
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
+            throw VMException("List.SetAt first argument must only "
+                              "accept a long");
+        }
+
+        int64_t index = std::get<int64_t>(args[0]);
+        if (index >= 0 && index < this->Count()) {
+            this->Set(index, args[1]);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    else if (name == "Count" || name == "Length") {
+        gc->BarrierBegin();
+        cse.back()->Push(gc, this->Count());
+        gc->BarrierEnd();
+        return false;
+    }
+    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+    return false;
+}
+
 }; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/native.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "CrossLang.hpp"
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
-TNativeObject::~TNativeObject() {}
 
 TNative::TNative(void *ptr, std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
     this->ptr = ptr;
@@ -27,26 +26,18 @@ void TNative::Destroy() {
 }
 bool TNativeObject::ToBool() { return true; }
 bool TNativeObject::Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject right) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(right)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(right)) {
-        return this == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+        return this == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
     }
     return false;
 }
 TNative *TNative::Create(GCList &ls, void *ptr,
                          std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
-    TNative *native = new TNative(ptr, destroy);
+    return ls.Create<TNative>(ptr, destroy);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(native);
-    gc->Watch(native);
-    return native;
 }
 TNative *TNative::Create(GCList *ls, void *ptr,
                          std::function<void(void *)> destroy) {
-    TNative *native = new TNative(ptr, destroy);
+    return ls->Create<TNative>(ptr, destroy);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(native);
-    gc->Watch(native);
-    return native;
 }
 TNative::~TNative() { this->Destroy(); }
 

src/types/queryable.cpp

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ TList *TQueryable::ToList(GCList &ls) {
     auto enumerator = this->GetEnumerator(ls);
     if (enumerator == nullptr)
         return nullptr;
-    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
     while (enumerator->MoveNext(gc)) {
         gc->BarrierBegin();
         list->Add(enumerator->GetCurrent(ls));
@@ -41,19 +41,11 @@ TList *TQueryable::ToList(GCList &ls) {
     return list;
 }
 TQueryable *TQueryable::Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent) {
-    TQueryable *queryable = new TQueryable(parent);
+    return ls.Create<TQueryable>(parent);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(queryable);
-    gc->Watch(queryable);
-    return queryable;
 }
 TQueryable *TQueryable::Create(GCList &ls, TObject parent, TQueryableMode mode,
                                std::vector<TObject> args) {
-    TQueryable *queryable = new TQueryable(parent, mode, args);
+    return ls.Create<TQueryable>(parent, mode, args);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(queryable);
-    gc->Watch(queryable);
-    return queryable;
 }
 
 void TQueryable::Mark() {

src/types/rootenvironment.cpp

@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@ void ThrowConstError(std::string key) {
 
 void TEnvironment::DeclareConstVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     this->DeclareVariable(key, value);
-    this->consts.push_back(key);
+    this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_CONST;
 }
 bool TEnvironment::HasConstForDeclare(std::string key) {
-    for (auto item : this->consts)
+    if (this->decls.count(key) > 0)
-        if (item == key)
+        return this->decls[key] == TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_CONST;
-            return true;
     return false;
 }
 bool TEnvironment::HasConstForSet(std::string key) {
@@ -172,9 +171,8 @@ void TEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
 
         TObject v = this->GetVariable(name[0]);
         TDictionary *dict = nullptr;
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(v)) {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(v)) {
-            dict =
+            dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(v));
-                dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(v).obj);
             if (dict == nullptr) {
                 dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
@@ -192,9 +190,9 @@ void TEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
             gc->BarrierBegin();
             auto v = dict->GetValue(name[i]);
             gc->BarrierEnd();
-            if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(v)) {
+            if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(v)) {
-                auto dict2 = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(
+                auto dict2 =
-                    std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(v).obj);
+                    dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(v));
                 if (dict2 == nullptr) {
                     dict2 = TDictionary::Create(ls);
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
@@ -308,13 +306,15 @@ void TRootEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 void TRootEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
+    if (this->decls.count(key) == 0)
+        this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR;
     return this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 bool TRootEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 bool TRootEnvironment::HasVariableRecurse(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 TEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::GetParentEnvironment() { return this; }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::GetRootEnvironment() { return this; }
@@ -338,18 +338,10 @@ void TRootEnvironment::Mark() {
         cls.first->Mark();
 }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TRootEnvironment *env = new TRootEnvironment(dict);
+    return gc->Create<TRootEnvironment>(dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(env);
-    _gc->Watch(env);
-    return env;
 }
 TRootEnvironment *TRootEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TDictionary *dict) {
-    TRootEnvironment *env = new TRootEnvironment(dict);
+    return gc.Create<TRootEnvironment>(dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(env);
-    _gc->Watch(env);
-    return env;
 }
 
 bool TRootEnvironment::HandleException(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,

src/types/streams/memorystream.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TMemoryStream::TMemoryStream(
+    std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::MemoryStream> strm)
+    : strm(strm) {}
+std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> TMemoryStream::GetStream() {
+    return this->strm;
+}
+TObject TMemoryStream::CallMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, GCList &ls,
+                                  const std::string &name,
+                                  const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+    if (name == "GetBytes") {
+        return ls.Create<TMemoryStreamMutByteView>(strm);
+    }
+    return ITStream::CallMethod(thrd, ls, name, args);
+}
+TMemoryStreamMutByteView::TMemoryStreamMutByteView(
+    std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::MemoryStream> strm)
+    : strm(strm) {}
+std::pair<uint8_t *, size_t> TMemoryStreamMutByteView::GetMutableBounds() {
+    if (!strm)
+        return std::pair<uint8_t *, size_t>(nullptr, 0);
+    auto &buff = strm->GetBuffer();
+    return std::pair<uint8_t *, size_t>(buff.data(), buff.size());
+}
+
+std::string TMemoryStream::TypeName() { return "MemoryStream"; }
+
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/streams/networkstream.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TNetworkStream::TNetworkStream(
+    std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::NetworkStream> strm)
+    : strm(strm) {}
+std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>
+TNetworkStream::GetStream() {
+    return this->strm;
+}
+TObject TNetworkStream::CallMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, GCList &ls,
+                                   const std::string &name,
+                                   const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+    int64_t n0;
+    bool bc;
+    if (name == "setBroadcast" && GetArgument(args, 0, bc))
+        strm->SetBroadcast(bc);
+    if (name == "setNoDelay" && GetArgument(args, 0, bc))
+        strm->SetNoDelay(bc);
+    if (name == "setReuseAddress" && GetArgument(args, 0, bc))
+        strm->SetReuseAddress(bc);
+    if (name == "setReusePort" && GetArgument(args, 0, bc))
+        strm->SetReusePort(bc);
+    if (name == "MulticastTTL" && GetArgument(args, 0, n0))
+        strm->SetMulticastTTL((uint8_t)n0);
+    if (name == "getPort" || name == "GetPort") {
+        return (int64_t)strm->GetPort();
+    }
+
+    if (name == "SetMulticastMembership") {
+        std::string ma;
+        std::string ifaceIP = "0.0.0.0";
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, ma)) {
+            GetArgument(args, 1, ifaceIP);
+            strm->SetMulticastMembership(ma, ifaceIP);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (name == "Bind") {
+        std::string ip;
+        int64_t port;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, ip) && GetArgument(args, 1, port))
+            strm->Bind(ip, (uint16_t)port);
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+
+    if (name == "Accept") {
+        std::string ip;
+        uint16_t port;
+        auto strm2 = strm->Accept(ip, port);
+
+        if (strm2 ==
+            nullptr) // just in case, so we don't get a bugged TNetworkStream
+            return nullptr;
+
+        std::array list = {
+            TDItem("IP", ls.FromString(ip)),
+            TDItem("Port", (int64_t)port),
+            TDItem("Stream", ls.Create<TNetworkStream>(strm2)),
+        };
+
+        return ls.Create<TDictionary>(list.begin(), list.end());
+    }
+    if (name == "Listen") {
+        int64_t backlog;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, backlog)) {
+            strm->Listen((int32_t)backlog);
+        } else {
+            strm->Listen(10);
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    if (name == "ReadFrom") {
+        TByteArray *data;
+        int64_t offset;
+        int64_t length;
+
+        if (name == "Read") {
+            TMutByteView *bytes;
+            if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+                int64_t offset;
+                int64_t length;
+                if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) &&
+                    GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                    auto safe = bytes->GetMutableBoundsConstrained(
+                        (size_t)offset, (size_t)length);
+                    if (safe.first != nullptr) {
+                        std::string ip = {};
+                        uint16_t port = 0;
+                        auto read =
+                            strm->ReadFrom(safe.first, safe.second, ip, port);
+                        std::array list = {
+                            TDItem("IP", ls.FromString(ip)),
+                            TDItem("Port", (int64_t)port),
+                            TDItem("Read", (int64_t)read),
+                        };
+                        return ls.Create<TDictionary>(list.begin(), list.end());
+                    } else {
+                        return nullptr;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                auto bounds = bytes->GetMutableBounds();
+
+                if (bounds.first) {
+                    std::string ip = {};
+                    uint16_t port = 0;
+                    auto read =
+                        strm->ReadFrom(bounds.first, bounds.second, ip, port);
+                    std::array list = {
+                        TDItem("IP", ls.FromString(ip)),
+                        TDItem("Port", (int64_t)port),
+                        TDItem("Read", (int64_t)read),
+                    };
+                    return ls.Create<TDictionary>(list.begin(), list.end());
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Undefined();
+        }
+    }
+    if (name == "WriteTo") {
+
+        // strm->WriteTo(buff, ip, port)
+        // strm->WriteTo(buff, off, len, ip, port)
+
+        TByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            int64_t offset;
+            int64_t length;
+            TString *ip;
+            int64_t port;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) && GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                if (!(GetArgumentHeap(args, 3, ip) &&
+                      GetArgument(args, 4, port)))
+                    return Undefined();
+                auto safe =
+                    bytes->GetBoundsConstrained((size_t)offset, (size_t)length);
+                if (safe.first != nullptr) {
+                    return strm->WriteTo(safe.first, safe.second,
+                                         ip->GetString(), (uint16_t)port);
+                } else
+                    return nullptr;
+            }
+            if (!(GetArgumentHeap(args, 1, ip) && GetArgument(args, 2, port)))
+                return Undefined();
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetBounds();
+
+            if (bounds.first) {
+
+                return (int64_t)strm->WriteTo(bounds.first, bounds.second,
+                                              ip->GetString(), (uint16_t)port);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+
+    return ITStream::CallMethod(thrd, ls, name, args);
+}
+
+std::string TNetworkStream::TypeName() { return "NetworkStream"; }
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/streams/stream.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+
+#define CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAMES                                                \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getCanRead)                                     \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getCanSeek)                                     \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getCanWrite)                                    \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getEndOfStream)                                 \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getLength)                                      \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(getPosition)                                    \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(setPosition)                                    \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Close)                                          \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Dispose)                                        \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(CopyTo)                                         \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(CopyToLimit)                                    \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Flush)                                          \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Read)                                           \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(ReadBlock)                                      \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(ReadByte)                                       \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Seek)                                           \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(SetRecvTimeout)                                 \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(SetSendTimeout)                                 \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(Write)                                          \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(WriteText)                                      \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(WriteBlock)                                     \
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(WriteByte)
+
+enum TStreamFuncNameEnum {
+#define CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(name) TSF_##name,
+    CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAMES
+#undef CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT
+}; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang
+
+static std::unordered_map<std::string_view, TStreamFuncNameEnum>
+    stream_func_names = {
+#define CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT(name) {#name, TSF_##name},
+        CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAMES
+#undef CROSSLANG_TSTREAM_NAME_ENT
+};
+
+bool ITStream::Exists(std::string_view str) {
+    return stream_func_names.count(str) != 0;
+}
+
+TObject ITStream::CallMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, GCList &ls,
+                             const std::string &name,
+                             const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+
+    auto strm = GetStream();
+    if (strm == nullptr)
+        return Undefined();
+
+    auto result = stream_func_names.find(name);
+
+    if (result == stream_func_names.end())
+        return Undefined();
+
+    switch (result->second) {
+    case TSF_getCanRead:
+        return strm->CanRead();
+    case TSF_getCanSeek:
+        return strm->CanSeek();
+    case TSF_getCanWrite:
+        return strm->CanWrite();
+    case TSF_getEndOfStream:
+        return strm->EndOfStream();
+    case TSF_getLength:
+        return strm->GetLength();
+    case TSF_getPosition:
+        return strm->GetPosition();
+    case TSF_setPosition: {
+        int64_t n;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, n)) {
+            strm->Seek(n, Tesses::Framework::Streams::SeekOrigin::Begin);
+            return n;
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_Close:
+    case TSF_Dispose:
+        strm->Close();
+        return Undefined();
+    case TSF_CopyTo: {
+        ITStream *strmDest;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, strmDest)) {
+            int64_t n = 1024;
+            GetArgument(args, 1, n);
+            strm->CopyTo(strmDest->GetStream(), (size_t)n);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_CopyToLimit: {
+        ITStream *strmDest;
+        int64_t len;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, strmDest) && GetArgument(args, 1, len)) {
+            int64_t n = 1024;
+            GetArgument(args, 2, n);
+            strm->CopyToLimit(strmDest->GetStream(), (uint64_t)len, (size_t)n);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_Flush:
+        strm->Flush();
+        return Undefined();
+    case TSF_Read: {
+        TMutByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            int64_t offset;
+            int64_t length;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) && GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                auto safe = bytes->GetMutableBoundsConstrained((size_t)offset,
+                                                               (size_t)length);
+                if (safe.first != nullptr)
+                    return strm->Read(safe.first, safe.second);
+                else
+                    return 0;
+            }
+
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetMutableBounds();
+
+            if (bounds.first) {
+                return (int64_t)strm->Read(bounds.first, bounds.second);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_ReadBlock: {
+        TMutByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            int64_t offset;
+            int64_t length;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) && GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                auto safe = bytes->GetMutableBoundsConstrained((size_t)offset,
+                                                               (size_t)length);
+                if (safe.first != nullptr)
+                    return strm->ReadBlock(safe.first, safe.second);
+                else
+                    return 0;
+            }
+
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetMutableBounds();
+
+            if (bounds.first) {
+                return (int64_t)strm->ReadBlock(bounds.first, bounds.second);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_ReadByte: {
+        return (int64_t)strm->ReadByte();
+    }
+    case TSF_Seek: {
+        int64_t offset;
+        int64_t whence;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, offset) && GetArgument(args, 1, whence)) {
+            strm->Seek(offset, (Tesses::Framework::Streams::SeekOrigin)whence);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_SetRecvTimeout: {
+        int64_t to;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, to)) {
+            strm->SetRecvTimeout((uint64_t)to);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_SetSendTimeout: {
+        int64_t to;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, to)) {
+            strm->SetSendTimeout((uint64_t)to);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_Write: {
+        TByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            int64_t offset;
+            int64_t length;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) && GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                auto safe =
+                    bytes->GetBoundsConstrained((size_t)offset, (size_t)length);
+                if (safe.first != nullptr)
+                    return strm->Write(safe.first, safe.second);
+                else
+                    return 0;
+            }
+
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetBounds();
+
+            if (bounds.first) {
+                return (int64_t)strm->Write(bounds.first, bounds.second);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_WriteText: { // for compat
+        TByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetBounds();
+            if (bounds.first)
+                strm->WriteBlock(bounds.first, bounds.second);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_WriteBlock: {
+        TByteView *bytes;
+        if (GetArgumentHeap(args, 0, bytes)) {
+            int64_t offset;
+            int64_t length;
+            if (GetArgument(args, 1, offset) && GetArgument(args, 2, length)) {
+                auto safe =
+                    bytes->GetBoundsConstrained((size_t)offset, (size_t)length);
+                if (safe.first != nullptr)
+                    strm->WriteBlock(safe.first, safe.second);
+
+                return Undefined();
+            }
+
+            auto bounds = bytes->GetBounds();
+
+            if (bounds.first) {
+                strm->WriteBlock(bounds.first, bounds.second);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    case TSF_WriteByte: {
+        int64_t b0;
+        if (GetArgument(args, 0, b0)) {
+            strm->WriteByte((uint8_t)b0);
+        }
+        return Undefined();
+    }
+    }
+
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::string ITStream::TypeName() { return "Stream"; }
+
+TStream::TStream(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> strm)
+    : strm(strm) {}
+std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> TStream::GetStream() {
+    return this->strm;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/streams/streamwrapper.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#include "CrossLang.hpp"
+
+namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+TObjectStreamWrapper::TObjectStreamWrapper(std::shared_ptr<TObjectStream> strm)
+    : strm(strm) {}
+TObject TObjectStreamWrapper::CallMethod(InterperterThread *thrd, GCList &ls,
+                                         const std::string &name,
+                                         const std::vector<TObject> &args) {
+    if (Exists(name)) {
+        return ITStream::CallMethod(thrd, ls, name, args);
+    }
+
+    TDictionary *dict;
+
+    if (GetObjectHeap(strm->obj, dict)) {
+        auto val = dict->GetValue(name);
+
+        TCallable *call;
+        if (GetObjectHeap(val, call)) {
+
+            auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(call);
+
+            if (closure && !closure->closure->args.empty() &&
+                closure->closure->args[0]->GetString() == "this") {
+                std::vector<TObject> args_new;
+                args_new.reserve(args.size() + 1);
+                args_new.push_back(dict);
+                args_new.insert(args_new.cend(), args.begin(), args.end());
+
+                return closure->Call(ls, args_new);
+            } else {
+                return call->Call(ls, args);
+            }
+        }
+        if (name.size() > 3 && name[1] == 'e' && name[2] == 't') {
+            char c = name[0];
+            if (c == 'g') {
+                auto fieldName = name.substr(3);
+                return dict->GetValue(fieldName);
+            } else if (c == 's' && !args.empty()) {
+                auto fieldName = name.substr(3);
+                dict->SetValue(fieldName, args[0]);
+                ls.Add(args[0]);
+                return args[0];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Undefined();
+}
+std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>
+TObjectStreamWrapper::GetStream() {
+    return this->strm;
+}
+std::string TObjectStreamWrapper::TypeName() { return "CustomStream"; }
+} // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/types/subenvironment.cpp

@@ -82,16 +82,24 @@ TObject TSubEnvironment::GetVariable(std::string key) {
     if (this->dict->HasValue(key)) {
         return this->dict->GetValue(key);
     }
+    if (this->decls.count(key) > 0 &&
+        this->decls[key] == TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR) {
+        return Undefined();
+    }
     if (this->env->HasVariableRecurse(key)) {
         return this->env->GetVariable(key);
     }
     return Undefined();
 }
 void TSubEnvironment::DeclareVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
+    if (this->decls.count(key) == 0)
+        this->decls[key] = TEnvironmentDeclType::TEDT_VAR;
+
     this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
 }
 void TSubEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
-    if (this->dict->HasValue(key)) {
+
+    if (this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0) {
         this->dict->SetValue(key, value);
         return;
     }
@@ -102,10 +110,10 @@ void TSubEnvironment::SetVariable(std::string key, TObject value) {
     }
 }
 bool TSubEnvironment::HasVariable(std::string key) {
-    return this->dict->HasValue(key);
+    return this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0;
 }
 bool TSubEnvironment::HasVariableRecurse(std::string key) {
-    if (this->dict->HasValue(key))
+    if (this->dict->HasValue(key) || this->decls.count(key) > 0)
         return true;
     return this->env->HasVariableRecurse(key);
 }
@@ -159,19 +167,11 @@ TSubEnvironment *TEnvironment::GetSubEnvironment(GCList &gc) {
 }
 TSubEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::Create(GCList *gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                          TDictionary *dict) {
-    TSubEnvironment *senv = new TSubEnvironment(env, dict);
+    return gc->Create<TSubEnvironment>(env, dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc->GetGC();
-    gc->Add(senv);
-    _gc->Watch(senv);
-    return senv;
 }
 TSubEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::Create(GCList &gc, TEnvironment *env,
                                          TDictionary *dict) {
-    TSubEnvironment *senv = new TSubEnvironment(env, dict);
+    return gc.Create<TSubEnvironment>(env, dict);
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = gc.GetGC();
-    gc.Add(senv);
-    _gc->Watch(senv);
-    return senv;
 }
 TEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::GetParentEnvironment() { return this->env; }
 TRootEnvironment *TSubEnvironment::GetRootEnvironment() {

src/vm/bc/add.cpp

@@ -119,8 +119,17 @@ bool InterperterThread::Add(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         str.append(std::get<std::string>(left));
         str.push_back(std::get<char>(right));
         cse.back()->Push(gc, str);
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
+
+        if (obj == nullptr) {
+            cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return obj->opAdd(this, gc, right);
+
+        /*
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
         auto natObj = dynamic_cast<TNativeObject *>(obj);
@@ -156,6 +165,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::Add(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         } else {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
         }
+        */
 
     } else {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());

src/vm/bc/equals.cpp

@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
 bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
     GCList ls(gc);
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(left) &&
+    if (IsNull(left) && IsNull(right)) {
-        std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
 
         return true;
     }
@@ -92,8 +91,8 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
         auto r = std::get<Tesses::Framework::Uuid>(right);
 
         return l == r;
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -109,12 +108,12 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
             if (GetObjectHeap(obj, callable)) {
                 return ToBool(callable->Call(ls, {right}));
 
-            } else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+            } else if (IsNull(right)) {
                 return false;
             } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
                 return false;
-            } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(right)) {
+            } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(right)) {
-                return cls == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+                return cls == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
             }
         } else if (natObj != nullptr) {
             return natObj->Equals(gc, right);
@@ -124,10 +123,10 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
             TObject fn = dict->GetValue("operator==");
             gc->BarrierEnd();
             if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(fn)) {
-                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn)) {
+                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn)) {
 
-                    auto obj = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(
+                    auto obj =
-                        std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj);
+                        dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn));
                     if (obj != nullptr) {
                         auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(obj);
                         if (closure != nullptr) {
@@ -144,17 +143,17 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
                         }
                     } else {
 
-                        return dict == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+                        return dict == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
                     }
 
                 } else {
 
-                    return dict == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+                    return dict == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
                 }
 
             } else {
 
-                return dict == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+                return dict == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
             }
             return false;
 
@@ -162,21 +161,19 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
 
         else if (dynDict != nullptr) {
             auto res = dynDict->CallMethod(ls, "operator==", {right});
-            if (!std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(res) &&
+            if (!IsNull(res) && std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
-                std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
                 return ToBool(res);
             }
-        } else if (native != nullptr &&
+        } else if (native != nullptr && IsNull(right)) {
-                   std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
             return native->GetDestroyed();
         }
 
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(right)) {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(right)) {
-            return obj == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj;
+            return obj == std::get<THeapObject *>(right);
 
         }
 
-        else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+        else if (IsNull(right)) {
             return false;
         } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
 
@@ -187,7 +184,7 @@ bool Equals(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject left, TObject right) {
 
     }
 
-    else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+    else if (IsNull(right)) {
         return false;
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
         return false;

src/vm/bc/executemethod2.cpp

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
         GCList ls(gc);
         std::regex regex;
         TVMVersion version;
-        if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(instance)) {
+        if (IsNull(instance)) {
             if (key == "ToString") {
                 cse.back()->Push(gc, "null");
                 return false;
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 if (GetArgument(args, 0, str)) {
                     std::smatch m;
                     if (std::regex_search(str, m, regex)) {
-                        auto myLs = TList::Create(ls);
+                        auto myLs = ls.Create<TList>();
                         gc->BarrierBegin();
                         for (auto item : m) {
                             auto itm = TDictionary::Create(ls);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 std::get<Tesses::Framework::Filesystem::VFSPath>(instance);
             if (key == "GetEnumerator") {
 
-                TList *_ls = TList::Create(ls);
+                TList *_ls = ls.Create<TList>();
                 for (auto item : path.path) {
                     _ls->Add(item);
                 }
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
 
                 auto res = Tesses::Framework::Http::HttpUtils::SplitString(
                     str, delimiter, count);
-                TList *mls = TList::Create(ls);
+                TList *mls = ls.Create<TList>();
                 for (auto item : res) {
                     if (!removeEmpty || !item.empty())
                         mls->Add(item);
@@ -825,7 +825,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 std::vector<std::string> lines;
                 textReader->ReadAllLines(lines);
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
-                TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+                TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
                 for (auto &item : lines)
                     list->Add(item);
                 gc->BarrierEnd();
@@ -1072,8 +1072,6 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>>(
                     instance);
             if (strm != nullptr) {
-                auto memStrm = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<
-                    Tesses::Framework::Streams::MemoryStream>(strm);
                 auto netStrm = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<
                     Tesses::Framework::Streams::NetworkStream>(strm);
 
@@ -1090,134 +1088,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                         return InvokeMethod(ls, o, dict2, args);
                     }
                 }
-                if (memStrm != nullptr) {
+
-                    if (key == "GetBytes") {
-                        auto res = TByteArray::Create(ls);
-                        res->data = memStrm->GetBuffer();
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, res);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
                 if (netStrm != nullptr) {
-                    if (key == "SetMulticastMembership") {
-                        std::string ma;
-                        std::string ifaceIP = "0.0.0.0";
-                        if (GetArgument(args, 0, ma)) {
-                            GetArgument(args, 1, ifaceIP);
-                            netStrm->SetMulticastMembership(ma, ifaceIP);
-                        }
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "GetPort") {
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)netStrm->GetPort());
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "Bind") {
-                        std::string ip;
-                        int64_t port;
-                        if (GetArgument(args, 0, ip) &&
-                            GetArgument(args, 1, port))
-                            netStrm->Bind(ip, (uint16_t)port);
-
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, nullptr);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "Accept") {
-                        std::string ip;
-                        uint16_t port;
-                        auto strm = netStrm->Accept(ip, port);
-                        TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
-                        gc->BarrierBegin();
-                        dict->SetValue("IP", ip);
-                        dict->SetValue("Port", (int64_t)port);
-                        dict->SetValue("Stream", strm);
-
-                        gc->BarrierEnd();
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, dict);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "Listen") {
-                        int64_t backlog;
-                        if (GetArgument(args, 0, backlog)) {
-                            netStrm->Listen((int32_t)backlog);
-                        } else {
-                            netStrm->Listen(10);
-                        }
-
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, nullptr);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "ReadFrom") {
-                        TByteArray *data;
-                        int64_t offset;
-                        int64_t length;
-                        if (GetArgumentHeap<TByteArray *>(args, 0, data) &&
-                            GetArgument<int64_t>(args, 1, offset) &&
-                            GetArgument<int64_t>(args, 2, length)) {
-                            size_t off = (size_t)offset;
-                            size_t len = (size_t)length;
-                            std::string ip = {};
-                            uint16_t port = 0;
-
-                            if (off < len)
-
-                                len = netStrm->ReadFrom(
-                                    data->data.data() + off,
-                                    std::min(len,
-                                             std::min(data->data.size() - off,
-                                                      data->data.size())),
-                                    ip, port);
-
-                            else
-                                len = 0;
-
-                            TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
-                            gc->BarrierBegin();
-                            dict->SetValue("IP", ip);
-                            dict->SetValue("Port", (int64_t)port);
-                            dict->SetValue("Read", (int64_t)len);
-
-                            gc->BarrierEnd();
-                            cse.back()->Push(gc, dict);
-
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, nullptr);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                    if (key == "WriteTo") {
-                        TByteArray *data;
-                        int64_t offset;
-                        int64_t length;
-                        std::string ip;
-                        int64_t port;
-                        if (GetArgumentHeap<TByteArray *>(args, 0, data) &&
-                            GetArgument<int64_t>(args, 1, offset) &&
-                            GetArgument<int64_t>(args, 2, length) &&
-                            GetArgument(args, 3, ip) &&
-                            GetArgument(args, 4, port)) {
-                            size_t off = (size_t)offset;
-                            size_t len = (size_t)length;
-
-                            if (off < len)
-
-                                len = netStrm->WriteTo(
-                                    data->data.data() + off,
-                                    std::min(len,
-                                             std::min(data->data.size() - off,
-                                                      data->data.size())),
-                                    ip, (int64_t)port);
-
-                            else
-                                len = 0;
-
-                            cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)len);
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, nullptr);
-                        return false;
-                    }
                 }
 
                 if (key == "Read") {
@@ -1490,12 +1362,12 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                                 pattern,
                                 callable->ToRouteServerRequestHandler(gc));
                         }
-                    } else if (key == "Trace") {
+                    } else if (key == "Query") {
                         std::string pattern;
                         TCallable *callable;
                         if (GetArgument(args, 0, pattern) &&
                             GetArgumentHeap(args, 1, callable)) {
-                            routable->Trace(
+                            routable->Query(
                                 pattern,
                                 callable->ToRouteServerRequestHandler(gc));
                         }
@@ -1964,9 +1836,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
             }
             cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
             return false;
-        } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(instance)) {
+        } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(instance)) {
-            auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(instance).obj;
+            auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(instance);
-            auto list = dynamic_cast<TList *>(obj);
+
             auto dynList = dynamic_cast<TDynamicList *>(obj);
             auto bArray = dynamic_cast<TByteArray *>(obj);
             auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -2292,9 +2164,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 }
                 if (key == "RegisterClass") {
                     if ((myEnv->permissions.canRegisterEverything ||
-                         myEnv->permissions.canRegisterClass) &&
+                         myEnv->permissions.canRegisterZeClass) &&
                         !rootEnv->permissions.locked)
-                        TStd::RegisterClass(gc, rootEnv);
+                        TStd::RegisterZeClass(gc, rootEnv);
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, nullptr);
                     return false;
                 }
@@ -3336,190 +3208,6 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteMethod2(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject instance,
                 }
                 cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
                 return false;
-            } else if (list != nullptr) {
-
-                if (key == "GetEnumerator") {
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, TListEnumerator::Create(ls, list));
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "ToString") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Json_Encode(list));
-                    return false;
-
-                } else if (key == "Insert") {
-                    if (args.size() != 2) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.Insert must only accept two arguments");
-                    }
-                    int64_t index;
-
-                    if (!GetArgument(args, 0, index)) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.Insert first argument must be Long");
-                    }
-
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    list->Insert(index, args[1]);
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "Add") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.Add must only accept one argument");
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    list->Add(args[0]);
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "Contains") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.Contains must only accept one argument");
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    for (int64_t i = 0; i < list->Count(); i++) {
-                        auto item = list->Get(i);
-                        gc->BarrierEnd();
-                        if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
-                            cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, false);
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "IndexOf") {
-                    // IndexOf(obj, $idx)
-                    if (args.size() < 1 || args.size() > 2) {
-                        throw VMException("List.IndexOf must either have one "
-                                          "or two arguments");
-                    }
-
-                    int64_t i = 0;
-
-                    GetArgument(args, 1, i);
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    for (; i < list->Count(); i++) {
-                        auto item = list->Get(i);
-                        gc->BarrierEnd();
-                        if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
-
-                            cse.back()->Push(gc, i);
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)-1);
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "RemoveAllEqual") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException("List.RemoveAllEqual must only "
-                                          "accept one argument");
-                    }
-
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    for (int64_t i = 0; i < list->Count(); i++) {
-                        auto item = list->Get(i);
-                        gc->BarrierEnd();
-                        if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
-                            gc->BarrierBegin();
-                            list->RemoveAt(i);
-                            i--;
-                        } else
-                            gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "Remove") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.Remove must only accept one argument");
-                    }
-
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    for (int64_t i = 0; i < list->Count(); i++) {
-                        auto item = list->Get(i);
-                        gc->BarrierEnd();
-                        if (Equals(gc, args[0], item)) {
-                            gc->BarrierBegin();
-                            list->RemoveAt(i);
-                            gc->BarrierEnd();
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "RemoveAt") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.RemoveAt must only accept one argument");
-                    }
-
-                    if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.RemoveAt must only accept a long");
-                    }
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    list->RemoveAt(std::get<int64_t>(args[0]));
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "Clear") {
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    list->Clear();
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                    return false;
-                } else if (key == "GetAt") {
-                    if (args.size() != 1) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.GetAt must only accept one argument");
-                    }
-
-                    if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
-                        throw VMException("List.GetAt must only accept a long");
-                    }
-
-                    int64_t index = std::get<int64_t>(args[0]);
-                    if (index >= 0 && index < list->Count()) {
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, list->Get(index));
-                        return false;
-                    }
-
-                } else if (key == "SetAt") {
-                    if (args.size() != 2) {
-                        throw VMException(
-                            "List.SetAt must only accept two arguments");
-                    }
-
-                    if (!std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(args[0])) {
-                        throw VMException("List.SetAt first argument must only "
-                                          "accept a long");
-                    }
-
-                    int64_t index = std::get<int64_t>(args[0]);
-                    if (index >= 0 && index < list->Count()) {
-                        list->Set(index, args[1]);
-                        return false;
-                    }
-
-                }
-
-                else if (key == "Count" || key == "Length") {
-                    gc->BarrierBegin();
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, list->Count());
-                    gc->BarrierEnd();
-                    return false;
-                }
-                cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-                return false;
             } else if (dynList != nullptr) {
 
                 if (key == "GetEnumerator") {

src/vm/bc/getfield.cpp

@@ -145,59 +145,6 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
             return false;
         }
-        if (std::holds_alternative<
-                std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>>(
-                instance)) {
-            auto strm =
-                std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>>(
-                    instance);
-            if (strm != nullptr) {
-                auto netStrm = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<
-                    Tesses::Framework::Streams::NetworkStream>(strm);
-
-                if (key == "CanRead") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->CanRead());
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (key == "CanWrite") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->CanWrite());
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (key == "CanSeek") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->CanSeek());
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (key == "EndOfStream") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->EndOfStream());
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (key == "Length") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->GetLength());
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (key == "Position") {
-
-                    cse.back()->Push(gc, strm->GetPosition());
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                if (netStrm != nullptr) {
-                    if (key == "Port") {
-                        cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)netStrm->GetPort());
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
-
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
         if (std::holds_alternative<TVMVersion>(instance)) {
             TVMVersion &version = std::get<TVMVersion>(instance);
             if (key == "Major") {
@@ -323,8 +270,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             stk->Push(gc, Undefined());
             return false;
         }
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(instance)) {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(instance)) {
-            auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(instance).obj;
+            auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(instance);
             auto bA = dynamic_cast<TByteArray *>(obj);
             auto list = dynamic_cast<TList *>(obj);
             auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -391,7 +338,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, file->info);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Dependencies") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto item : file->dependencies) {
                         auto res = TDictionary::Create(ls);
@@ -403,7 +350,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, list);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Tools") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto item : file->tools) {
                         auto res = TDictionary::Create(ls);
@@ -415,7 +362,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, list);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Strings") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto item : file->name) {
                         list->Add(item);
@@ -429,7 +376,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, (int64_t)file->metadata.size());
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Metadata") {
-                    TList *meta = TList::Create(ls);
+                    TList *meta = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (size_t i = 0; i < file->metadata.size(); i++) {
                         meta->Add(TDictionary::Create(
@@ -441,7 +388,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, meta);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Sections") {
-                    TList *sections = TList::Create(ls);
+                    TList *sections = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto &item : file->sections) {
                         TByteArray *ba = TByteArray::Create(ls);
@@ -455,7 +402,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, sections);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "SupportedVMs") {
-                    TList *supported = TList::Create(ls);
+                    TList *supported = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     if (file->vms.empty()) {
                         supported->Add(TDictionary::Create(
@@ -471,7 +418,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, supported);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Chunks") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto item : file->chunks) {
                         list->Add(item);
@@ -482,7 +429,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     cse.back()->Push(gc, list);
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Classes") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
 
                     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < (uint32_t)file->classes.size();
@@ -494,13 +441,13 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     gc->BarrierEnd();
                     return false;
                 } else if (key == "Functions") {
-                    auto list = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto list = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto &item : file->functions) {
                         TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
                         if (!item.first.empty())
                             dict->SetValue("Documentation", item.first[0]);
-                        TList *nameParts = TList::Create(ls);
+                        TList *nameParts = ls.Create<TList>();
                         for (size_t i = 1; i < item.first.size(); i++) {
                             nameParts->Add(item.first[i]);
                         }
@@ -530,7 +477,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             }
             if (chunk != nullptr) {
                 if (key == "Arguments") {
-                    auto myargs = TList::Create(ls);
+                    auto myargs = ls.Create<TList>();
                     gc->BarrierBegin();
                     for (auto item : chunk->args) {
                         myargs->Add(item);
@@ -586,7 +533,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             if (closure != nullptr) {
                 if (key == "Arguments") {
                     GCList ls2(gc);
-                    TList *ls = TList::Create(ls2);
+                    TList *ls = ls2.Create<TList>();
                     for (auto arg : closure->closure->args) {
                         ls->Add(arg);
                     }
@@ -601,7 +548,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             if (externalMethod != nullptr) {
                 if (key == "Arguments") {
                     GCList ls2(gc);
-                    TList *ls = TList::Create(ls2);
+                    TList *ls = ls2.Create<TList>();
                     for (auto arg : externalMethod->args) {
                         ls->Add(arg);
                     }
@@ -635,16 +582,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                     return false;
                 }
             }
-            if (list != nullptr) {
-                if (key == "Count" || key == "Length") {
-                    int64_t len = list->Count();
-                    if (len < 0)
-                        len = 0;
 
-                    stk->Push(gc, len);
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
             if (dynList != nullptr) {
                 if (key == "Count" || key == "Length") {
                     int64_t len = dynList->Count(ls);
@@ -669,9 +607,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::GetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
                 TObject fn = dict->GetValue("get" + key);
                 gc->BarrierEnd();
-                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn) &&
+                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn) &&
-                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(
+                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn)) !=
-                        std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj) != nullptr) {
+                        nullptr) {
                     return InvokeOne(ls, fn, dict);
                 } else {
                     gc->BarrierBegin();

src/vm/bc/invokemethod.cpp

@@ -15,16 +15,15 @@ namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 bool InterperterThread::InvokeMethod(GCList &ls, TObject fn, TObject instance,
                                      std::vector<TObject> args) {
 
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn)) {
 
-        auto obj =
+        auto obj = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn));
-            dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj);
         if (obj != nullptr) {
             auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(obj);
             if (closure != nullptr) {
 
                 if (!closure->closure->args.empty() &&
-                    closure->closure->args[0] == "this") {
+                    closure->closure->args[0].GetString() == "this") {
                     std::vector<TObject> args2;
                     args2.push_back(instance);
                     args2.insert(args2.end(), args.begin(), args.end());

src/vm/bc/invoketwo.cpp

@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 bool InterperterThread::InvokeTwo(GCList &ls, TObject fn, TObject left,
                                   TObject right) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn)) {
 
-        auto obj =
+        auto obj = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn));
-            dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj);
         if (obj != nullptr) {
             auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(obj);
             if (closure != nullptr) {

src/vm/bc/setfield.cpp

@@ -231,34 +231,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::SetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             stk->Push(gc, Undefined());
             return false;
         }
-        if (std::holds_alternative<
-                std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>>(
-                instance)) {
-            auto strm =
-                std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream>>(
-                    instance);
 
-            auto netStrm = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(instance)) {
-                Tesses::Framework::Streams::NetworkStream>(strm);
+            auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(instance);
-            if (netStrm != nullptr) {
-                int64_t n0;
-                bool bc;
-                if (key == "Broadcast" && GetObject(value, bc))
-                    netStrm->SetBroadcast(bc);
-                if (key == "NoDelay" && GetObject(value, bc))
-                    netStrm->SetNoDelay(bc);
-                if (key == "ReuseAddress" && GetObject(value, bc))
-                    netStrm->SetReuseAddress(bc);
-                if (key == "ReusePort" && GetObject(value, bc))
-                    netStrm->SetReusePort(bc);
-                if (key == "MulticastTTL" && GetObject(value, n0))
-                    netStrm->SetMulticastTTL((uint8_t)n0);
-            }
-            stk->Push(gc, Undefined());
-            return false;
-        }
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(instance)) {
-            auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(instance).obj;
 
             auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
             auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -313,9 +288,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::SetField(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
                 TObject fn = dict->GetValue("set" + key);
                 gc->BarrierEnd();
-                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn) &&
+                if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn) &&
-                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(
+                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn)) !=
-                        std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj) != nullptr) {
+                        nullptr) {
                     return InvokeTwo(ls, fn, dict, value);
                 } else {
                     gc->BarrierBegin();

src/vm/bc/sub.cpp

@@ -65,9 +65,17 @@ bool InterperterThread::Sub(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         cse.back()->Push(
             gc,
             std::make_shared<Tesses::Framework::Date::DateTime>((*l) - (*r)));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
-        auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
+
+        if (obj == nullptr) {
+            cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return obj->opSub(this, gc, right);
+
+        /*auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto natObj = dynamic_cast<TNativeObject *>(obj);
@@ -104,7 +112,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::Sub(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         } else {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
         }
-
+        */
     } else {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, Undefined());
     }

src/vm/bc/tobool.cpp

@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ bool ToBool(TObject obj) {
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<Tesses::Framework::Uuid>(obj)) {
         auto &uuid = std::get<Tesses::Framework::Uuid>(obj);
         return !uuid.IsEmpty();
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto o = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto o = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         auto ls = dynamic_cast<TList *>(o);
         auto aarray = dynamic_cast<TAssociativeArray *>(o);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(o);

src/vm/bc/tostring.cpp

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ std::string ToString(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject o) {
     if (std::holds_alternative<char>(o)) {
         return std::string{std::get<char>(o)};
     }
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(o)) {
+    if (IsNull(o)) {
         return "null";
     }
     if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(o)) {
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ std::string ToString(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject o) {
         return std::get<Tesses::Framework::Uuid>(o).ToString(
             Framework::UuidStringifyConfig::LowercaseNoCurly);
     }
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(o)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(o)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(o).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(o);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto list = dynamic_cast<TList *>(obj);
         auto bArray = dynamic_cast<TByteArray *>(obj);

src/vm/exception.cpp

@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ void ThrowFatalError(std::exception &ex) {
             error.WriteLine(text);
         }
 
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     if (clrtexcept != nullptr) {
         error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a fatal runtime exception");
         error.WriteLine();
         error.WriteLine(clrtexcept->what());
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
     if (compiler != nullptr) {
         error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a compiler error");
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ void ThrowFatalError(std::exception &ex) {
         error.Write(":");
         error.WriteLine((int64_t)li.offset);
 
-        exit(1);
+        std::exit(1);
     }
 
     error.WriteLine("CrossLang has encountered a fatal C++ exception");
     error.WriteLine();
     error.Write("what(): ");
     error.WriteLine(ex2->what());
-    exit(1);
+    std::exit(1);
 }
 } // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/vm/filereader.cpp

@@ -5,22 +5,8 @@
 #include <iostream>
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
-TFile *TFile::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TFile *TFile::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TFile>(); }
-    TFile *f = new TFile();
+TFile *TFile::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TFile>(); }
-    f->icon = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(f);
-    _gc->Watch(f);
-    return f;
-}
-TFile *TFile::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TFile *f = new TFile();
-    f->icon = -1;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(f);
-    _gc->Watch(f);
-    return f;
-}
 void TFileChunk::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;
@@ -28,20 +14,8 @@ void TFileChunk::Mark() {
     this->file->Mark();
 }
 
-TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList &ls) {
+TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList &ls) { return ls.Create<TFileChunk>(); }
-    TFileChunk *chk = new TFileChunk();
+TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList *ls) { return ls->Create<TFileChunk>(); }
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(chk);
-    _gc->Watch(chk);
-    return chk;
-}
-TFileChunk *TFileChunk::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    TFileChunk *chk = new TFileChunk();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(chk);
-    _gc->Watch(chk);
-    return chk;
-}
 void TFile::Mark() {
     if (this->marked)
         return;
@@ -69,15 +43,18 @@ void TFile::Ensure(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> stream,
             "End of file, could not read " + std::to_string((int64_t)len) +
             " byte(s)., offset=" + std::to_string(stream->GetLength()));
 }
-std::string TFile::EnsureString(
+void TFile::EnsureString(
-    std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> stream) {
+    GCList &ls, std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> stream) {
     auto len = EnsureInt(stream);
-    if (len == 0)
+    if (len == 0) {
-        return {};
+        this->strings.push_back(ls.FromString(""));
+        return;
+    }
     std::string str = {};
     str.resize((size_t)len);
     Ensure(stream, (uint8_t *)str.data(), str.size());
-    return str;
+
+    this->strings.push_back(ls.Create<TString>(std::move(str)));
 }
 
 uint32_t
@@ -86,7 +63,7 @@ TFile::EnsureInt(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> stream) {
     Ensure(stream, buffer, 4);
     return BitConverter::ToUint32BE(buffer[0]);
 }
-std::string
+TString *
 TFile::GetString(std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Streams::Stream> stream) {
     uint32_t index = EnsureInt(stream);
     if (index >= this->strings.size())
@@ -101,7 +78,7 @@ void TFile::EnsureCanRunInCrossLang() {
         return;
 
     for (auto item : this->vms) {
-        if (item.first == VMName) {
+        if (item.first->GetString() == VMName) {
             return;
         }
     }
@@ -109,7 +86,8 @@ void TFile::EnsureCanRunInCrossLang() {
     std::string errorMessage = "The virtual machines supported are:\n";
 
     for (auto item : this->vms) {
-        errorMessage += item.first + "\n\t" + item.second + "\n";
+        errorMessage +=
+            item.first->GetString() + "\n\t" + item.second->GetString() + "\n";
     }
     throw VMException(errorMessage);
 }
@@ -178,7 +156,7 @@ TDictionary *TFile::MetadataDecode(GCList &ls, size_t midx) {
                     items.push_back(parseEnt());
                 }
 
-                return TList::Create(ls, items.begin(), items.end());
+                return ls.Create<TList>(items.begin(), items.end());
             } else
                 throw std::out_of_range("Abrupt end of metadata");
         } break;
@@ -192,8 +170,8 @@ TDictionary *TFile::MetadataDecode(GCList &ls, size_t midx) {
                     if (index + 4 <= bytes.size()) {
                         auto val2 = BitConverter::ToUint32BE(bytes[index]);
                         index += 4;
-                        std::string &text = this->strings.at((size_t)val2);
+                        TString *text = this->strings.at((size_t)val2);
-                        items.emplace_back(text, parseEnt());
+                        items.emplace_back(text->GetString(), parseEnt());
                     } else
                         throw std::out_of_range("Abrupt end of metadata");
                 }
@@ -206,9 +184,7 @@ TDictionary *TFile::MetadataDecode(GCList &ls, size_t midx) {
             if (index + 4 <= bytes.size()) {
                 auto val = BitConverter::ToUint32BE(bytes[index]);
                 index += 4;
-                auto ba = TByteArray::Create(ls);
+                return ls.Create<TByteArray>(this->resources.at((size_t)val));
-                ba->data = this->resources.at((size_t)val);
-                return ba;
             } else
                 throw std::out_of_range("Abrupt end of metadata");
         } break;
@@ -216,7 +192,8 @@ TDictionary *TFile::MetadataDecode(GCList &ls, size_t midx) {
             if (index + 4 <= bytes.size()) {
                 auto val = BitConverter::ToUint32BE(bytes[index]);
                 index += 4;
-                return std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(ls.GetGC(), this, val);
+                return ls.Create<TStream>(
+                    std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(ls.GetGC(), this, val));
             } else
                 throw std::out_of_range("Abrupt end of metadata");
         } break;
@@ -238,8 +215,8 @@ TDictionary *TFile::MetadataDecode(GCList &ls, size_t midx) {
                     ls, "", {},
                     [val, this](GCList &ls,
                                 std::vector<TObject> args) -> TObject {
-                        return std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(ls.GetGC(), this,
+                        return ls.Create<TStream>(std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(
-                                                             val);
+                            ls.GetGC(), this, val));
                     });
                 em->watch.push_back(this);
                 ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();
@@ -287,26 +264,36 @@ void TFile::Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
             this->info = GetString(stream);
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "DEPS", 4) == 0) // dependencies
         {
-            std::string name = GetString(stream);
+            TString *name = GetString(stream);
             uint8_t version_bytes[5];
             Ensure(stream, version_bytes, sizeof(version_bytes));
             TVMVersion depVersion(version_bytes);
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
             this->dependencies.push_back(
-                std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(name, depVersion));
+                std::pair<TString *, TVMVersion>(name, depVersion));
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "TOOL", 4) ==
                    0) // compile tools (for package manager)
         {
-            std::string name = GetString(stream);
+            TString *name = GetString(stream);
             uint8_t version_bytes[5];
             Ensure(stream, version_bytes, sizeof(version_bytes));
             TVMVersion depVersion(version_bytes);
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
             this->tools.push_back(
-                std::pair<std::string, TVMVersion>(name, depVersion));
+                std::pair<TString *, TVMVersion>(name, depVersion));
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "RESO", 4) ==
                    0) // resources (using embed)
         {
-            auto &data = this->resources.emplace_back(tableLen);
+            std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+            data.resize(tableLen);
             Ensure(stream, data.data(), data.size());
+            GCList ls(gc);
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
+            this->resources.push_back(ls.Create<TResource>(std::move(data)));
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "CHKS", 4) == 0 &&
                    gc != nullptr) // chunks
         {
@@ -314,11 +301,13 @@ void TFile::Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
             size_t chunkCount = (size_t)EnsureInt(stream);
             for (size_t j = 0; j < chunkCount; j++) {
 
-                auto chunk = TFileChunk::Create(ls);
+                auto chunk = ls.Create<TFileChunk>();
                 chunk->file = this;
                 size_t argCount = (size_t)EnsureInt(stream);
                 for (size_t k = 0; k < argCount; k++) {
+                    gc->BarrierBegin();
                     chunk->args.push_back(GetString(stream));
+                    gc->BarrierEnd();
                 }
                 size_t len = (size_t)EnsureInt(stream);
                 chunk->code.resize(len);
@@ -333,33 +322,45 @@ void TFile::Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
             size_t funLength = (size_t)EnsureInt(stream);
 
             for (size_t j = 0; j < funLength; j++) {
-                std::vector<std::string> fnParts;
+                std::vector<TString *> fnParts;
                 uint32_t fnPartsC = EnsureInt(stream);
                 for (uint32_t k = 0; k < fnPartsC; k++) {
                     fnParts.push_back(GetString(stream));
                 }
 
                 uint32_t fnNumber = EnsureInt(stream);
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
                 this->functions.push_back(
-                    std::pair<std::vector<std::string>, uint32_t>(fnParts,
+                    std::pair<std::vector<TString *>, uint32_t>(fnParts,
-                                                                  fnNumber));
+                                                                fnNumber));
+                gc->BarrierEnd();
             }
 
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "STRS", 4) == 0) // strings
         {
             size_t strsLen = (size_t)EnsureInt(stream);
+
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
+            this->strings.reserve(strsLen);
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
+
+            GCList ls(gc);
             for (size_t j = 0; j < strsLen; j++) {
-                this->strings.push_back(EnsureString(stream));
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
+                EnsureString(ls, stream);
+                gc->BarrierEnd();
             }
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "ICON", 4) == 0) // icon
         {
-            this->icon = (int32_t)EnsureInt(stream);
+            this->icon = this->resources.at(EnsureInt(stream));
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "MACH", 4) == 0) // machine
         {
-            std::string name = GetString(stream);
+            TString *name = GetString(stream);
-            std::string howToGet = GetString(stream);
+            TString *howToGet = GetString(stream);
+            gc->BarrierBegin();
             this->vms.push_back(
-                std::pair<std::string, std::string>(name, howToGet));
+                std::pair<TString *, TString *>(name, howToGet));
+            gc->BarrierEnd();
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "CLSS", 4) == 0) // classes
         {
             uint32_t clsCnt = EnsureInt(stream);
@@ -367,14 +368,17 @@ void TFile::Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
                 TClass cls;
                 cls.documentation = GetString(stream);
                 uint32_t name_cnt = EnsureInt(stream);
+                cls.name.reserve((size_t)name_cnt);
                 for (uint32_t k = 0; k < name_cnt; k++) {
                     cls.name.push_back(GetString(stream));
                 }
                 name_cnt = EnsureInt(stream);
+                cls.inherits.reserve((size_t)name_cnt);
                 for (uint32_t k = 0; k < name_cnt; k++) {
                     cls.inherits.push_back(GetString(stream));
                 }
                 name_cnt = EnsureInt(stream);
+                cls.entry.reserve((size_t)name_cnt);
                 for (uint32_t k = 0; k < name_cnt; k++) {
                     TClassEntry ent;
                     Ensure(stream, main_header, 1);
@@ -385,12 +389,15 @@ void TFile::Load(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc,
                     ent.documentation = GetString(stream);
                     ent.name = GetString(stream);
                     uint32_t arglen = EnsureInt(stream);
+                    ent.args.reserve((size_t)arglen);
                     for (uint32_t l = 0; l < arglen; l++)
                         ent.args.push_back(GetString(stream));
                     ent.chunkId = EnsureInt(stream);
                     cls.entry.push_back(ent);
                 }
+                gc->BarrierBegin();
                 this->classes.push_back(cls);
+                gc->BarrierEnd();
             }
         } else if (strncmp(table_name, "META", 4) == 0) // structured metadata
         {

src/vm/gc.cpp

@@ -2,16 +2,25 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <time.h>
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
-#include <windows.h>
-#else
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
 using namespace Tesses::Framework::Threading;
 using namespace std::chrono;
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
 
+struct PthreadCmp {
+    bool operator()(const pthread_t &a, const pthread_t &b) const {
+        return pthread_equal(a, b) != 0;
+    }
+};
+static std::map<pthread_t, CallStackEntry *, PthreadCmp> current_funcs;
+static Tesses::Framework::Threading::Mutex current_funcs_mtx;
+#else
+thread_local CallStackEntry *current_function;
+#endif
 bool GC::IsRunning() {
 
     bool run = this->running;
@@ -74,7 +83,13 @@ TDictionary *CreateThread(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable, bool detached) {
         TObject cb = th->callable->Call(ls, {});
         gc->BarrierBegin();
         th->returnValue = cb;
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+        current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+        current_funcs.erase(pthread_self());
+        current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+#endif
         gc->BarrierEnd();
+
         th->hasReturned = true;
     });
     while (!th->hasInit)
@@ -93,121 +108,88 @@ void GC::Start() {
             return new Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool(threads);
         },
         [](Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *p) -> void { delete p; });
-    this->mtx = new Mutex();
+
     this->running = true;
     this->thrd = new Thread([this]() -> void {
-        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> last_frame,
-            this_frame;
-
-        this_frame = system_clock::now();
-        last_frame = this_frame;
-
         while (this->IsRunning()) {
-            this_frame = system_clock::now();
+            this->BarrierBegin();
-            if ((this_frame - last_frame) > 10s) {
+            while (this->IsRunning() && (this->allocs < ALLOC_THRESHOLD))
+                this->cond.Wait(&this->mtx);
+            this->allocs = 0;
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            this->Collect(to_delete);
+            this->BarrierEnd();
 
-                last_frame = this_frame;
+            for (auto o : to_delete)
-                this->Collect();
+                delete o;
-            }
+        }
+        {
+            std::vector<THeapObject *> to_delete;
+            this->BarrierBegin();
+            this->Collect(to_delete);
+            this->BarrierEnd();
 
-#if defined(_WIN32)
+            for (auto item : to_delete)
-            Sleep(100);
+                delete item;
-#else
-            usleep(100000);
-#endif
         }
-        GC::Collect();
     });
 }
 
 bool GC::UsingNullThreads() { return false; }
 
-void GC::BarrierBegin() { this->mtx->Lock(); }
+void GC::BarrierBegin() { this->mtx.Lock(); }
-void GC::BarrierEnd() { this->mtx->Unlock(); }
+void GC::BarrierEnd() { this->mtx.Unlock(); }
 void GC::Watch(TObject obj) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto _item = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         this->BarrierBegin();
-
+        this->objects.insert(_item);
-        for (auto item : this->objects) {
+        auto nowAllocs = ++this->allocs;
-            if (item == _item) {
-                this->BarrierEnd();
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        this->objects.push_back(_item);
         this->BarrierEnd();
+        if (nowAllocs >= ALLOC_THRESHOLD)
+            this->cond.Signal();
     }
 }
 void GC::Mark(TObject obj) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto _item = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         _item->Mark();
     }
 }
 void GC::Unwatch(TObject obj) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto _item = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         this->BarrierBegin();
-        for (auto index = this->objects.begin();
+        this->objects.erase(_item);
-             index != this->objects.end();) {
-            if (*index == _item) {
-                index = this->objects.erase(index);
-                continue;
-            }
-            index++;
-        }
         this->BarrierEnd();
     }
 }
-void GC::SetRoot(TObject obj) {
+void GC::SetRoot(GCList *_item) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (_item == nullptr)
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        return;
-        this->BarrierBegin();
+    this->BarrierBegin();
 
-        for (auto item : this->roots) {
+    this->roots.insert(_item);
-            if (item == _item) {
+    this->BarrierEnd();
-                this->BarrierEnd();
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-        this->roots.push_back(_item);
-        this->BarrierEnd();
-    }
 }
 Tesses::Framework::Threading::ThreadPool *GC::GetPool() {
     return this->tpool->GetValue();
 }
 
-void GC::UnsetRoot(TObject obj) {
+void GC::UnsetRoot(GCList *_item) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (_item == nullptr)
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        return;
-        this->BarrierBegin();
+    this->BarrierBegin();
-        for (auto index = this->roots.begin(); index != this->roots.end();) {
+    this->roots.erase(_item);
-            if (*index == _item) {
+    this->BarrierEnd();
-                index = this->roots.erase(index);
-                continue;
-            }
-            index++;
-        }
-        this->BarrierEnd();
-    }
 }
 
 GC::~GC() {
-    GC::BarrierBegin();
-
-    this->roots.clear();
-    GC::BarrierEnd();
-
     this->running = false;
+    this->cond.Signal();
     this->thrd->Join();
     delete this->thrd;
-    for (auto item : objects)
-        delete item;
-
     delete this->tpool;
-    delete this->mtx;
 }
 
 void GC::RegisterEverythingCallback(
@@ -218,23 +200,45 @@ void GC::RegisterEverything(TRootEnvironment *env) {
     for (auto item : this->register_everything)
         item(this->shared_from_this(), env);
 }
-void GC::Collect() {
+
-    this->BarrierBegin();
+CallStackEntry *GC::GetCurrentFunction() {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+    current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+    auto val = current_funcs[pthread_self()];
+    current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+
+    return val;
+
+#else
+    return current_function;
+#endif
+}
+void GC::SetCurrentFunction(CallStackEntry *cse) {
+#if defined(GEKKO) || defined(_EE)
+    current_funcs_mtx.Lock();
+    current_funcs[pthread_self()] = cse;
+    current_funcs_mtx.Unlock();
+#else
+    current_function = cse;
+#endif
+}
+
+void GC::Collect(std::vector<THeapObject *> &to_delete) {
+
     for (auto item : this->objects) {
         item->marked = false;
     }
     for (auto item : this->roots) {
         item->Mark();
     }
-    for (auto index = this->objects.begin(); index != this->objects.end();
+    for (auto index = this->objects.begin(); index != this->objects.end();) {
-         index++) {
         THeapObject *o = *index;
         if (!o->marked) {
-            delete o;
+            to_delete.push_back(o);
-            this->objects.erase(index);
+            index = this->objects.erase(index);
-            index--;
+        } else {
+            ++index;
         }
     }
-    this->BarrierEnd();
 }
 }; // namespace Tesses::CrossLang

src/vm/gclist.cpp

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ GCList::GCList(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     gc->BarrierEnd();
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<GC> GCList::GetGC() { return this->gc; }
+std::shared_ptr<GC> GCList::GetGC() const { return this->gc; }
 void GCList::Remove(TObject obj) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto _item = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         this->gc->BarrierBegin();
         for (auto index = this->items.begin(); index != this->items.end();
              index++) {
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ void GCList::Remove(TObject obj) {
 }
 void GCList::Add(TObject obj) {
 
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(obj)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(obj)) {
-        auto _item = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(obj).obj;
+        auto _item = std::get<THeapObject *>(obj);
         this->gc->BarrierBegin();
 
         for (auto item : this->items) {
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ void GCList::Add(TObject obj) {
     }
 }
 void GCList::Mark() {
-    this->marked = true;
     for (auto item : this->items) {
         item->Mark();
     }

src/vm/vm.cpp

@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@
 
 namespace Tesses::CrossLang {
 
-thread_local CallStackEntry *current_function = nullptr;
-
 TObject ExecuteFunction(GCList &ls, TCallable *callable,
                         std::vector<TObject> args) {
     return callable->Call(ls, args);
@@ -81,8 +79,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Times(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(left) &&
                std::holds_alternative<double>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, std::get<int64_t>(left) * std::get<double>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -182,8 +180,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Divide(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, std::get<int64_t>(left) / std::get<double>(right));
     }
 
-    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -258,8 +256,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Mod(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
             gc, fmod(std::get<int64_t>(left), std::get<double>(right)));
     }
 
-    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -314,8 +312,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Neg(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, -std::get<int64_t>(left));
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<double>(left)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, -std::get<double>(left));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
 
@@ -367,7 +365,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::LNot(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(left)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(left)) {
+    } else if (IsNull(left)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
     }
 
@@ -377,8 +375,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::LNot(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     else if (std::holds_alternative<bool>(left)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, !std::get<bool>(left));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -433,8 +431,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::BNot(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, ~std::get<int64_t>(left));
     }
 
-    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -540,8 +538,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Lt(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() < r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -646,8 +644,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Gt(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() > r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -753,8 +751,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Lte(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() <= r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -865,8 +863,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Gte(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() >= r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -919,8 +917,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::Eq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     GCList ls(gc);
     auto right = cse.back()->Pop(ls);
     auto left = cse.back()->Pop(ls);
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(left) &&
+    if (IsNull(left) && IsNull(right)) {
-        std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
         return false;
     }
@@ -1002,8 +999,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::Eq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() == r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1041,25 +1038,23 @@ bool InterperterThread::Eq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
         else if (dynDict != nullptr) {
             auto res = dynDict->CallMethod(ls, "operator==", {right});
-            if (!std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(res) &&
+            if (!IsNull(res) && std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
-                std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
                 cse.back()->Push(gc, res);
                 return false;
             }
         }
 
-        else if (native != nullptr &&
+        else if (native != nullptr && IsNull(right)) {
-                 std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, native->GetDestroyed());
             return false;
         }
 
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(right)) {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(right)) {
-            cse.back()->Push(gc, obj == std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj);
+            cse.back()->Push(gc, obj == std::get<THeapObject *>(right));
             return false;
         }
 
-        else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+        else if (IsNull(right)) {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, false);
             return false;
         } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
@@ -1071,7 +1066,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::Eq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     }
 
-    else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+    else if (IsNull(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, false);
         return false;
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
@@ -1089,8 +1084,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::NEq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     auto right = cse.back()->Pop(ls);
     auto left = cse.back()->Pop(ls);
 
-    if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(left) &&
+    if (IsNull(left) && IsNull(right)) {
-        std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, false);
         return false;
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(left) &&
@@ -1160,8 +1154,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::NEq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto &r =
             std::get<std::shared_ptr<Tesses::Framework::Date::TimeSpan>>(right);
         cse.back()->Push(gc, l->TotalSeconds() != r->TotalSeconds());
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
         auto native = dynamic_cast<TNative *>(obj);
         auto natObj = dynamic_cast<TNativeObject *>(obj);
@@ -1198,22 +1192,20 @@ bool InterperterThread::NEq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         else if (dynDict != nullptr) {
 
             auto res = dynDict->CallMethod(ls, "operator!=", {right});
-            if (!std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(res) &&
+            if (!IsNull(res) && std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
-                std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(res)) {
                 cse.back()->Push(gc, res);
                 return false;
             }
         }
 
-        else if (native != nullptr &&
+        else if (native != nullptr && IsNull(right)) {
-                 std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, !native->GetDestroyed());
             return false;
         }
-        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(right)) {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(right)) {
-            cse.back()->Push(gc, obj != std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(right).obj);
+            cse.back()->Push(gc, obj != std::get<THeapObject *>(right));
             return false;
-        } else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+        } else if (IsNull(right)) {
             cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
             return false;
         } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
@@ -1226,7 +1218,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::NEq(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     } else if (std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
         return false;
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(right)) {
+    } else if (IsNull(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, true);
         return false;
     } else {
@@ -1245,8 +1237,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::LShift(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, std::get<int64_t>(left)
                                  << (int)std::get<int64_t>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1303,8 +1295,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::RShift(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc, std::get<int64_t>(left) >>
                                  (int)std::get<int64_t>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1361,8 +1353,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::BOr(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc,
                          std::get<int64_t>(left) | std::get<int64_t>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1419,8 +1411,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::XOr(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc,
                          std::get<int64_t>(left) ^ std::get<int64_t>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1476,8 +1468,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::BAnd(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         std::holds_alternative<int64_t>(right)) {
         cse.back()->Push(gc,
                          std::get<int64_t>(left) & std::get<int64_t>(right));
-    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(left)) {
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(left)) {
-        auto obj = std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(left).obj;
+        auto obj = std::get<THeapObject *>(left);
         auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(obj);
 
         auto dynDict = dynamic_cast<TDynamicDictionary *>(obj);
@@ -1522,10 +1514,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::BAnd(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     return false;
 }
 bool InterperterThread::InvokeOne(GCList &ls, TObject fn, TObject arg) {
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn)) {
 
-        auto obj =
+        auto obj = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn));
-            dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj);
         if (obj != nullptr) {
             auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(obj);
             if (closure != nullptr) {
@@ -1570,10 +1561,10 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteFunction(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                 if (args.size() == 3) {
 
                     if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(args[1]) &&
-                        std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(args[2])) {
+                        std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(args[2])) {
                         std::string key = std::get<std::string>(args[1]);
                         TList *ls = dynamic_cast<TList *>(
-                            std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(args[2]).obj);
+                            std::get<THeapObject *>(args[2]));
                         if (ls != nullptr)
                             return ExecuteMethod2(gc, args[0], key, ls->items);
                     }
@@ -1582,10 +1573,10 @@ bool InterperterThread::ExecuteFunction(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(fn)) {
+            if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(fn)) {
 
-                auto obj = dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(
+                auto obj =
-                    std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(fn).obj);
+                    dynamic_cast<TCallable *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(fn));
                 if (obj != nullptr) {
                     auto closure = dynamic_cast<TClosure *>(obj);
                     if (closure != nullptr) {
@@ -2051,7 +2042,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::DeclareConstVariable(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
             throw VMException(
                 "[DECLARECONSTVARIABLE] Can't pop string, got type " +
-                GetObjectTypeString(key) + " = " + ToString(gc, key) + ".");
+                GetObjectTypeString(key) + " = " + ObjectToString(gc, key) +
+                ".");
         }
     }
     return false;
@@ -2069,10 +2061,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::PushResourceStream(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
             gc->BarrierBegin();
             GCList ls(gc);
-            //              TByteArray* arr = TByteArray::Create(ls);
+            stk->Push(gc, ls.Create<TStream>(std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(
-            //                arr->data = stk->callable->file->resources[n];
+                              gc, stk->callable->file->resources[n])));
-            stk->Push(
-                gc, std::make_shared<EmbedStream>(gc, stk->callable->file, n));
 
             gc->BarrierEnd();
         } else {
@@ -2095,9 +2085,9 @@ bool InterperterThread::PushResource(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
             gc->BarrierBegin();
             GCList ls(gc);
-            TByteArray *arr = TByteArray::Create(ls);
+
-            arr->data = stk->callable->file->resources[n];
+            stk->Push(gc,
-            stk->Push(gc, arr);
+                      ls.Create<TByteArray>(stk->callable->file->resources[n]));
 
             gc->BarrierEnd();
         } else {
@@ -2113,8 +2103,14 @@ bool InterperterThread::Throw(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(_res2)) {
         auto env = cse.back()->env;
-        if (!env->GetRootEnvironment()->HandleException(gc, env, _res2))
+        if (!env->GetRootEnvironment()->HandleException(gc, env, _res2)) {
+            TNativeException *nex;
+            if (GetObjectHeap(_res2, nex)) {
+                nex->ThrowIt();
+            }
+
             throw VMByteCodeException(gc, _res2, cse.back());
+        }
     }
     return false;
 }
@@ -2143,8 +2139,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::JumpIfDefined(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
         auto _res2 = stk->Pop(ls);
 
         stk->ip = stk->ip + 4;
-        if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(_res2) &&
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<Undefined>(_res2) && !IsNull(_res2)) {
-            !std::holds_alternative<std::nullptr_t>(_res2)) {
             stk->ip = n;
             stk->Push(gc, _res2);
         }
@@ -2223,6 +2218,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::JumpUndefined(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 bool InterperterThread::Jump(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> &cse = this->call_stack_entries;
+
     auto stk = cse.back();
 
     if (stk->ip + 4 <= stk->callable->closure->code.size()) {
@@ -2316,9 +2312,8 @@ bool InterperterThread::AppendList(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     gc->BarrierBegin();
     auto obj = stk->Pop(ls);
     auto objhold = stk->Pop(ls);
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(objhold)) {
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(objhold)) {
-        auto list =
+        auto list = dynamic_cast<TList *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(objhold));
-            dynamic_cast<TList *>(std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(objhold).obj);
         if (list != nullptr) {
             list->Add(obj);
         }
@@ -2348,12 +2343,12 @@ bool InterperterThread::AppendDictionary(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     auto value = stk->Pop(ls);
     auto k = stk->Pop(ls);
     auto objhold = stk->Pop(ls);
-    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObjectHolder>(objhold) &&
+    if (std::holds_alternative<THeapObject *>(objhold) &&
         std::holds_alternative<std::string>(k)) {
-        auto dict = dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(
+        auto dict =
-            std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(objhold).obj);
+            dynamic_cast<TDictionary *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(objhold));
-        auto cls = dynamic_cast<TClassObject *>(
+        auto cls =
-            std::get<THeapObjectHolder>(objhold).obj);
+            dynamic_cast<TClassObject *>(std::get<THeapObject *>(objhold));
 
         if (dict != nullptr) {
             dict->SetValue(std::get<std::string>(k), value);
@@ -2383,7 +2378,7 @@ bool InterperterThread::CreateArray(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> &cse = this->call_stack_entries;
     auto stk = cse.back();
     GCList ls(gc);
-    TList *dict = TList::Create(ls);
+    TList *dict = ls.Create<TList>();
     stk->Push(gc, dict);
     return false;
 }
@@ -2409,23 +2404,39 @@ bool InterperterThread::TryCatch(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
     if (GetObjectHeap(tryFn, tryC) && GetObjectHeap(catchFn, catchC)) {
         try {
             stk->Push(gc, tryC->Call(ls, {}));
-        }
 
-        catch (std::exception &ex) {
+        } catch (std::bad_alloc &ex) {
-            TDictionary *dict = TDictionary::Create(ls);
+            std::cerr
-            auto gc = ls.GetGC();
+                << "CrossLang has failed to allocate, sorry for termination."
-            auto myEx = dynamic_cast<VMByteCodeException *>(&ex);
+                << std::endl;
-            if (myEx != nullptr) {
+            std::exit(1);
-                stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {myEx->exception}));
+        } catch (const std::string &ex) {
-            } else {
+            stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {ex}));
-                gc->BarrierBegin();
+        } catch (const char *ex) {
 
-                dict->SetValue("Type", "NativeException");
+            stk->Push(gc,
-                dict->SetValue("Text", ex.what());
+                      catchC->Call(ls, {std::string{ex != nullptr ? ex : ""}}));
-                gc->BarrierEnd();
+        } catch (std::runtime_error &ex) {
 
-                stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {dict}));
+            stk->Push(
-            }
+                gc, catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TException>(
+                                         ls, ex.what(), "RuntimeException")}));
+        } catch (VMException &ex) {
+            stk->Push(
+                gc, catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TException>(
+                                         ls, ex.GetMessage(), "VMException")}));
+        } catch (VMByteCodeException &ex) {
+            stk->Push(gc, catchC->Call(ls, {ex.exception}));
+        } catch (std::exception &ex) {
+            stk->Push(gc,
+                      catchC->Call(
+                          ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TNativeException>(
+                                  ls, ex.what(), std::current_exception())}));
+        } catch (...) {
+            stk->Push(gc,
+                      catchC->Call(ls, {TNativeObject::Create<TNativeException>(
+                                           ls, "<No Message>",
+                                           std::current_exception())}));
         }
     }
     return false;
@@ -2693,14 +2704,14 @@ void InterperterThread::Execute(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc) {
 
     std::vector<CallStackEntry *> &cse = this->call_stack_entries;
 #define VM_OPCODE_TABLE_INLINE
-#include "vm_opcode_table.h"
+#include "vm_opcode_table.def"
 #undef VM_OPCODE_TABLE_INLINE
 
 execute:
 
     if (!cse.empty()) {
         auto stk = cse.back();
-        current_function = stk;
+        GC::SetCurrentFunction(stk);
 
         try {
             while (stk->ip < 0xFFFFFFFF &&
@@ -2721,7 +2732,7 @@ execute:
                         cse[cse.size() - 2]->Push(gc, o);
 
                         cse.erase(cse.end() - 1);
-                        current_function = cse.back();
+                        GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse.back());
                         gc->BarrierEnd();
                         goto execute;
                     } else {
@@ -2729,8 +2740,13 @@ execute:
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (gc->UsingNullThreads())
+                if (gc->UsingNullThreads()) {
-                    gc->Collect();
+                    std::vector<THeapObject *> objs;
+                    gc->Collect(objs);
+                    for (auto &item : objs) {
+                        delete item;
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             stk->mustReturn = false;
@@ -2764,7 +2780,7 @@ execute:
         }
         if (cse.size() == 1) {
 
-            current_function = nullptr;
+            GC::SetCurrentFunction(nullptr);
             {
 
                 gc->BarrierBegin();
@@ -2817,7 +2833,7 @@ execute:
                 cse[cse.size() - 2]->Push(gc, o);
 
                 cse.erase(cse.end() - 1);
-                current_function = cse.back();
+                GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse.back());
                 gc->BarrierEnd();
 
                 for (auto item : callable) {
@@ -2846,7 +2862,7 @@ void CallStackEntry::Push(std::shared_ptr<GC> gc, TObject o) {
     gc->BarrierEnd();
 }
 TObject CallStackEntry::Resume(GCList &ls) {
-    auto cse = current_function;
+    auto cse = GC::GetCurrentFunction();
     InterperterThread *thrd = InterperterThread::Create(ls);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierBegin();
     thrd->call_stack_entries.push_back(this);
@@ -2855,7 +2871,7 @@ TObject CallStackEntry::Resume(GCList &ls) {
     thrd->Execute(ls.GetGC());
 
     TObject v = thrd->call_stack_entries[0]->Pop(ls);
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
     return v;
 }
 TObject CallStackEntry::Pop(GCList &gc) {
@@ -2870,41 +2886,17 @@ TObject CallStackEntry::Pop(GCList &gc) {
 }
 
 InterperterThread *InterperterThread::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    InterperterThread *it = new InterperterThread();
+    return ls.Create<InterperterThread>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(it);
-    _gc->Watch(it);
-    return it;
 }
 InterperterThread *InterperterThread::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    InterperterThread *it = new InterperterThread();
+    return ls->Create<InterperterThread>();
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(it);
-    _gc->Watch(it);
-    return it;
 }
 CallStackEntry *CallStackEntry::Create(GCList &ls) {
-    CallStackEntry *cse = new CallStackEntry();
+    return ls.Create<CallStackEntry>();
-    cse->mustReturn = false;
-    cse->srcline = -1;
-    cse->srcfile = "";
-    cse->thread = nullptr;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls.GetGC();
-    ls.Add(cse);
-    _gc->Watch(cse);
-    return cse;
 }
 
 CallStackEntry *CallStackEntry::Create(GCList *ls) {
-    CallStackEntry *cse = new CallStackEntry();
+    return ls->Create<CallStackEntry>();
-    cse->mustReturn = false;
-    cse->srcline = -1;
-    cse->srcfile = "";
-    cse->thread = nullptr;
-    std::shared_ptr<GC> _gc = ls->GetGC();
-    ls->Add(cse);
-    _gc->Watch(cse);
-    return cse;
 }
 void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
                                           std::vector<TObject> args) {
@@ -2917,7 +2909,7 @@ void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
                                      : closure->env;
     cse->ip = 0;
     if (closure->closure->args.empty() && closure->chunkId != 0) {
-        TList *list = TList::Create(ls);
+        TList *list = ls.Create<TList>();
         list->items = args;
         cse->env->DeclareVariable("arguments", list);
 
@@ -2963,13 +2955,25 @@ void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
             cse->env->DeclareVariable(trimStart(closure->closure->args[i]),
                                       args[i]);
         }
+
+        for (; i < closure->closure->args.size(); i++) {
+            auto &a = closure->closure->args[i];
+            if (a.size() > 1 && a[0] == '$') {
+                if (a[1] == '$') {
+                    break;
+                }
+                cse->env->DeclareVariable(trimStart(a), Undefined());
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
         std::string back = closure->closure->args.empty()
                                ? std::string()
                                : closure->closure->args.back();
         if (i == closure->closure->args.size() - 1 && back.size() > 2 &&
             back[0] == '$' && back[1] == '$') {
             auto argName = closure->closure->args[i];
-            auto lsArgs = TList::Create(ls);
+            auto lsArgs = ls.Create<TList>();
             for (; i < args.size(); i++)
                 lsArgs->Add(args[i]);
             cse->env->DeclareVariable(trimStart(argName), lsArgs);
@@ -2979,7 +2983,7 @@ void InterperterThread::AddCallStackEntry(GCList &ls, TClosure *closure,
             throw VMException("Too many arguments");
     }
 
-    current_function = cse;
+    GC::SetCurrentFunction(cse);
 
     this->call_stack_entries.push_back(cse);
     ls.GetGC()->BarrierEnd();